Class Opener: Tuesday 1)Use a Venn diagram to compare and contrast the Bohr model and the quantum mechanical model for electron arrangement. Bohr model Quantum mechanical model 2)How many orbitals are contained in the third energy level? 3)How many sublevels compose the second energy level?

Letters are used to describe the shape of different orbitals. First energy level – only one type of orbital “s” orbital Spherical shaped orbital The first energy level composed of one sublevel – called the 1s sublevel.

Second energy level – 2 types of orbitals s orbital –In what way is the s-orbital in the second energy similar to the s-orbital in the first energy level? –In what way is the s-orbital in the second energy different from the s-orbital in the first energy level? The second type of orbital is called a p-orbital. p-orbitals look like dumbbells (two lobes)

–The second energy level composed of two sublevels – 2s and the 2p. Third energy level – three shapes – three sublevels –s-orbital – sphere –p-orbital – “dumbell” –d-orbital – “four leaf clover” (four lobes) –The third energy level composed of three sublevels – 3s, 3p, and the 3d.

Fourth energy level – four shapes – four sublevels –s-orbital –p-orbital –d-orbital –f-orbital – complex shape –The fourth energy level composed of four sublevels – 4s, 4p, 4d, and the 4f.

It is possible to have more than one orbital within a sublevel. These orbitals have the same shape and energy, but are oriented differently. s sublevel – only contains a single s orbital p sublevel – composed of 3 different p-orbitals. –Each p-orbital has the same shape but different orientation in space. –p x orbital, p y orbital, and p z orbital

d sublevel - composed of 5 different d- orbitals. f sublevel - composed of 7 different f-orbitals. When electrons are placed in a particular energy level, they “prefer” the orbitals in the order s, p, d, and then f. Therefore, an s-orbital requires the least energy to occupy within an energy level.

Electrons rotate and this creates a magnetic field Electrons rotate either clockwise or counter clockwise An orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons. If two electrons are in the same orbital then they spin in opposite directions. Every electron within an atom is unique.

Energy Level Types of Orbitals Number of Sublevels Total # of Orbitals Total # of Electrons 1s112 2s,p248 3s,p.d3918 4s,p,d,f41632

Outcome Sentences After reflecting on today’s lesson, complete three of the sentence starters in your chemistry journal entry for today. Sentence Starters –I’ve learned… –I was surprised… –I’m beginning to wonder… –I would conclude… –I now realize that…