University as Entrepreneur Results of Surveys of ASU Faculty, Students and Staff Spring 2007 Surveys conducted by the Institute for Social Science Research

Overall Conclusion Faculty, staff and students indicate moderate to strong support for entrepreneurship but minimal understanding of what it is or how it might apply to them.

Widespread support for ASU’s current direction. Question: In general, would you say that ASU is headed in the right direction or is it off on the wrong track?

The word “entrepreneur” elicits a favorable response. Favorability varies substantially among faculty and students from different disciplines. Faculty (A)/Students (A) = CLAS/Fine Arts/Humanities/Public Programs/Mass Communications/Education Faculty (B)/Students (B) = Business/Engineering/Law/Nursing/Architecture Question: Do you have a generally favorable or unfavorable opinion of the word “entrepreneur”?

Few consider themselves entrepreneurs. But, again, results vary by discipline. GroupMean Faculty (A)4.7 Faculty (B)5.7 Students (A)4.6 Students (B)5.8 Staff4.5 Faculty (A)/Students (A) = CLAS/Fine Arts/Humanities/Public Programs/Mass Communications/Education Faculty (B)/Students (B) = Business/Engineering/Law/Nursing/Architecture Questions: Thinking of your job or position at ASU, how much, if at all, do you consider yourself to be an entrepreneur? Please use a scale of 1 to 10 with 1 meaning not at all and 10 meaning completely. (Faculty and staff) How much, if at all, do you consider yourself to be an entrepreneur? Please use a scale of 1 to 10 with 1 meaning not at all and 10 meaning completely. (Students)

Students and staff indicate moderate approval of the definitions of entrepreneurship. Half of the respondents from each group were given one definition and half were given a different definition. The two definitions are provided in t he column headings. Question: Please indicate whether the following statement reflects the definition of the word “entrepreneurship.” Use a scale of 1 to 10 where 1 means it is a very poor definition and 10 means it is an excellent definition. Means Group “Entrepreneurship is the spirit and process of creative risk-taking.” “Entrepreneurship is the spirit and process of creative risk-taking and innovation that leverages university knowledge to spur development and economic competitiveness.” Faculty Students Staff

Faculty and staff are more likely to have heard about entrepreneurship at ASU than students. Question: How much, if at all, have you heard about entrepreneurship at ASU? Faculty (A)/Students (A) = CLAS/Fine Arts/Humanities/Public Programs/Mass Communications/Education Faculty (B) /Students (B) = Business/Engineering/Law/Nursing/Architecture

Few students are familiar with the Edson Student Entrepreneur Initiative. Question: How familiar, if at all, are you with the Edson Student Entrepreneur Initiative? Students (A) = CLAS/Fine Arts/Humanities/Public Programs/Mass Communications/Education Students (B) = Business/Engineering/Law/Nursing/Architecture

Entrepreneurship is sometimes incorporated into courses or jobs. Questions: How much, if at all, do you incorporate entrepreneurship in any of the courses you teach? (Faculty survey) How much, if at all, has entrepreneurship been incorporated into courses in your major? (Student survey) How much, if at all, do you incorporate entrepreneurship into your job at ASU? (Staff survey) Faculty (A)/Students (A) = CLAS/Fine Arts/Humanities/Public Programs/Mass Communications/Education Faculty (B) /Students (B) = Business/Engineering/Law/Nursing/Architecture

Faculty see a moderate amount of interest in entrepreneurship among students. Question: Do you think your students would want to learn about entrepreneurship? Faculty (A) = CLAS/Fine Arts/Humanities/Public Programs/Mass Communications/Education Faculty (B) = Business/Engineering/Law/Nursing/Architecture

Most students want to learn more about entrepreneurship. Question: Would you like to learn more about entrepreneurship? Students (A) = CLAS/Fine Arts/Humanities/Public Programs/Mass Communications/Education Students (B) = Business/Engineering/Law/Nursing/Architecture

Students are somewhat more supportive than faculty for entrepreneurship becoming an area of study and/or research at ASU. Question: Below are several statements regarding entrepreneurship. Indicate how much you agree or disagree with each statement using a scale of 1 to 10 where 1 means you totally disagree and 10 means you totally agree. Faculty (A)/Students (A) = CLAS/Fine Arts/Humanities/Public Programs/Mass Communications/Education Faculty (B) /Students (B) = Business/Engineering/Law/Nursing/Architecture Mean

Faculty and students agree that entrepreneurship can be codified, taught and learned. Question: Below are several statements regarding entrepreneurship. Indicate how much you agree or disagree with each statement using a scale of 1 to 10 where 1 means you totally disagree and 10 means you totally agree. Faculty (A)/Students (A) = CLAS/Fine Arts/Humanities/Public Programs/Mass Communications/Education Faculty (B) /Students (B) = Business/Engineering/Law/Nursing/Architecture Mean

Faculty and students report only slight agreement that entrepreneurship does not apply to some disciplines. Question: Below are several statements regarding entrepreneurship. Indicate how much you agree or disagree with each statement using a scale of 1 to 10 where 1 means you totally disagree and 10 means you totally agree. Faculty (A)/Students (A) = CLAS/Fine Arts/Humanities/Public Programs/Mass Communications/Education Faculty (B) /Students (B) = Business/Engineering/Law/Nursing/Architecture Mean

Faculty and students said entrepreneurship should have a somewhat low priority. Question: How much of a priority, if any, should teaching entrepreneurship have at ASU? Please use a scale of 1 to 10 with 1 meaning not a priority at all and 10 meaning a high priority. Faculty (A)/Students (A) = CLAS/Fine Arts/Humanities/Public Programs/Mass Communications/Education Faculty (B) /Students (B) = Business/Engineering/Law/Nursing/Architecture Mean

Faculty and staff indicated that ASU constrains them from acting in entrepreneur ways. Question: Next, would you say that ASU enables faculty/staff to act in entrepreneurial ways or constrains faculty/staff from acting in entrepreneurial ways? Please use a scale of 1 to 10 where 1 means ASU very much constrains faculty/staff and 10 means ASU very much enables faculty/staff. Mean

Summary of reasons why faculty and staff are constrained to act entrepreneurially Question: In what way or ways does ASU constrain faculty/staff from acting entrepreneurially? (Open ended) ORSPA is a detriment. Too much red tape. Concerns about consequences of failure. No reward or encouragement. Lack of appropriate infrastructure or support. Tenure. No support from chairs, administrators or supervisors. Management resists change. No time due to teaching loads and research requirements. Indirect rates are too high. Lack of empowerment. Micromanagement.

Many faculty have experience outside of academia as a business entrepreneur. Question: Do you have an experience outside of academia as a business entrepreneur? Faculty (A) = CLAS/Fine Arts/Humanities/Public Programs/Mass Communications/Education Faculty (B) = Business/Engineering/Law/Nursing/Architecture

And many faculty are currently consulting outside of ASU. Question: Do you currently participate in any consulting outside of ASU? Faculty (A) = CLAS/Fine Arts/Humanities/Public Programs/Mass Communications/Education Faculty (B) = Business/Engineering/Law/Nursing/Architecture

Minorities of students are currently involved in campus clubs or organizations that deal with entrepreneurship or are involved in activities outside of campus that deal with entrepreneurship Questions: Do any of the clubs or organizations with which you are involved deal with entrepreneurship? (Asked only of students who are involved with students clubs or organizations on campus.) Have you been or are you currently involved in any activities outside of campus or ASU that deal with entrepreneurship?

Most students see themselves on a professional career track working for an organization Question: Next, five years from now, where would you like to be career-wise?

Most faculty and students want more information about entrepreneurship. Question: What information about entrepreneurship would you find useful? (Adds to more than 100% due to multiple responses.) Ent = Entrepreneurship

Staff embrace entrepreneurship but are not encouraged to act entrepreneurially. Question: Below are several statements regarding entrepreneurship. Indicate how much you agree or disagree with each statement using a scale of 1 to 10 where 1 means you totally disagree and 10 means you totally agree.

Most faculty, students and staff prefer communications through . Question: What is the best way to communicate with you about news on topics such as entrepreneurship at ASU? (Adds to more than 100% due to multiple responses.)

Summary of Methodology Five focus groups held primarily to help inform survey questions Faculty from humanities, social sciences, fine arts, public programs, mass communications, and education Faculty from engineering, law, business, nursing and architecture Students from humanities, social sciences, fine arts, public programs, mass communications, and education Students from engineering, law, business, nursing and architecture Staff Three web surveys Faculty (n=641), students (n=655) and staff (n=469) Samples selected Fielded during spring semester 2007 n = Number of completed questionnaires