Capacitive Reactance.

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Presentation transcript:

Capacitive Reactance

Capacitors in AC Circuits

Capacitance Capacitance also causes opposition to current flow. Blocks DC.

Capacitance The farad (symbol: F) is the SI unit of capacitance. It is named after the British physicist Michael Faraday.

Voltage Current Capacitor in DC

ICE

I C E Current Capacitance Voltage Current leads Voltage in a Capacitive Circuit

Voltage Current Capacitor in AC

Voltage Current V = Vpsin(2πft) I = C dv/dt I = C Vp(2πf)cos(2πft) Vp-Peak Voltage I = C Vp(2πf)cos(2πft) 2π-Cycle f-frequency(Hz) t-time(seconds) Ip = Vp(2πf)C

Ip = Vp(2πf)C Ip = Vp/R 1/R = 2πfC R = 1/(2πfC) Capacitive Reactance Xc = 1/(2πfC) C is an Active Component

Capacitance in AC Circuits

Capacitive Reactance The opposition to current flow caused by a capacitor is known as capacitive reactance. Capacitive reactance, as it is opposition to current flow, is measured in Ohms Ω. The symbol for capacitive reactance is XC. The formula is:

Capacitor Values 1mF = 1 X 10-3F 1μF = 1 X 10-6F 1nF = 1 X 10-9F 1pF = 1 X 10-12F

Find the current flowing in a circuit when a 4μF capacitor is connected across a 880v, 2000Hz power supply. C = 4μF = 4 X 10-6F Vp = 880V f = 2000Hz Find: Ip

Xc = 1/(2πfC) Xc = 1/(2π(2000Hz)(4x10-6F) Xc = 19.9Ω Ip = Vp/Xc Ip = 880v/19.9Ω Ip = 44.2A