1 Chapter 10

2 FIGURE 10.1 Tooth classes. From mesial to distal: incisors, canine, premolars, molars. Drawing by Lon Hunt. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

3 FIGURE 10.2 Cross-section of an incisor showing enamel, dentin, pulp, cementum, alveolus, and periodontal ligaments. Drawing by Lon Hunt. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

4 FIGURE 10.3 Molar morphology of the first mandibular molar (on left) and first maxillary molar (on right). M = mesial, D = distal, B = buccal, L = lingual. Cusps are labeled according to the standard numerical numbering system. Additional cusp naming systems include positional and ancestral terms. In this figure, the Y5 pattern and crista obliqua are also identified. Drawing by Lon Hunt. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

5 FIGURE 10.4 Radiograph of a chimpanzee permanent first mandibular molar at stage 4— crown completion to the cementoenamel junction. Small spicules of root growth are visible. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

6 FIGURE 10.5 Cross-section of a molar with histologically visible structures of the enamel identified. Drawing by Lon Hunt. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.