Chapters 2 & 3

.NET Software development model that allows applications created in disparate programming languages to communicate Universal data access –Data can reside on a separate/central machine Web Services –Disparate systems can be linked together

Managed Extensions to C++ Called MC++ Extensions to C++ Several new data types True object-oriented environment Automatic garbage collections

Framework Class Library FCL Shared by all.Net languages –Visual C++.Net –C# –Visual Basic.Net

Common Language Runtime CLR Programs compiled to Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) MSIL defines instruction set for CLR MSIL is just-in-time compiled (jit-compiled) to machine language

.Net Terms Project –Group of related files Solution –Group of projects that represent a complete solution Console Application –Character-based program Windows Forms Application –GUI and/or graphics based program

MC++ Managed Extension to standard C++ –Includes New data types True object environment Automatic garbage collection

FCL Framework Class Library –Set of classes that all.NET languages share –Security, graphics, GUI, etc.

MSIL Microsoft Intermediate Language Is to.Net what Byte Code is to Java

CLR Common Language Runtime –Compiles MSIL to machine language

IDE Integrated Development Environment –The set of programs that allows.NET applications to be constructed

New Data Types in MC++ Boolean8 Char16 (Unicode) Byte8 SByte8 (signed character) Int1616 Int3232 UInt3232 Int6464 UInt6464 Decimal96 Single32 (floating point) Double64 (floating point) Object* String*

Type Conversion Implicit Conversion –Also called “argument promotion” –Occurs when a function is called with an argument that does not match the argument of the specified type. The compiler tries to make a conversion. Explicit Conversion –Occurs when the programmer explicitly forces a conversion through the cast operator –Can also be done with the class Convert, but this requires that the type be converted to a managed type through the __box operator (about which, more later) Two kinds of conversions –Narrowing: type is converted to a type that holds a smaller range of data values (e.g., double to int) –Widening: type is converted to a type that holds a larger range of data values (e.g., int to double)

Math Class Methods Important Math class methods are on p Invoked like this: Math::Sqrt(a) –Where a is of type double

Random Class Random is a class in MC++ Contains methods for generating pseudo- random numbers No need to seed the invocation Random *randomNumber = new Random(); int x = randomNumber  Next(100) Returns a random number in the range [0..99]