zThe Elements of Art are the basic tools used by the artist when producing works of art. zWhat are the Elements of Art?

The path of a moving point at the edge of a flat shape, or the outline of a solid object. Types of line refers to straight, curvy, horizontal, vertical, diagonal, zigzag, implied, and angular. Direction pertains to the movement that a line may have or seem to indicate.

This large tapa cloth, from the Polynesian island of Tonga, is made of strips of mulberry bark fiber that have been pounded to softened them and make a paper-like textile for ritual use. It is stamped and hand painted. Launima Nagatu, - Tapa Cloth, Mid-20th century,Tonga, South Pacific, 12'10"x 5'7" This is a self-portrait of the German artist Kathe Kollwitz. Notice the lines carved into this woodcut proof to create the texture of this print. The direction of the lines follow the contour of her face. Kathe Kollwitz (German) , Self-Portrait, Woodcut proof, 1923, 5 7/8 z 6 3/4 in.,

A two-dimensional area made by connecting lines that establish the contour of an object. Shapes may be positive or negative, organic or geometric.

Joan Miro (Spanish) , The Policeman, Oil on canvas,1925, 248 x cm, The Art Institute Of Chicago Louise Nevelson (American, born Russia), , Sky Cathedral, 1958 wood, painted black, 115 x 135 x 20", Albright-Knox Art Gallery, NY

The three dimensional projection of a shape. It has volume, dimension, appears to have mass. This element is frequently used in sculpture.

Michelangelo Buonoratti (Italian ) , David, , 15 feet, Marble, Galleria dell'Accademia, Italy Sandy Skoglund (American) Radioactive Cats,1980, Chicken wire and plaster cats, furniture, live models

The appearance of lights and darks found in a work of art. These range from black to white with numerous shades of gray in between.

Laura Shechter "Still Life with Blue Cloth" Contemporary Realist Still Life Nikyla Amanda Smith, oil on Canvas

The hue, value, and intensity of an object as seen by the human eye. It identifies objects, creates moods, and affects emotions. (warm, cool, primary, secondary, intermediate, analogous, and complementary).

Paul Klee (Swiss) , Dream City, 1921 watercolor on paper, Limbourgh Brothers (German) Riches Heures de Duc de Barry, , illuminated manuscript, tempera and gold leaf on vellum,

The way something feels or looks like it feels. The roughness or smoothness of a surface. Texture can be real, tactile(sandpaper), or illusion (looks soft, but not).

Oscar Kockaska, (Austrian) , Self-Portrait of a "Degenerate Artist “ 0il on canvas Shanon Fitzpatrick, 11th Grade, Coral Study, Pen and Ink, Gustav Klimt, (Austrian) Emilie Floge, 1902 Oil on canvas

The area between, around, above, below, or within objects. Two-dimensional space has height and width. Three-dimensional space has height, width, volume, and time. Deep space has foreground, middle ground, background. Shallow space has foreground and background.

Positive Space is the space created by an image or a sculpture. Negative Space is the Space around and between parts of an image or a sculpture. How an artist uses space or chooses NOT to use space adds a great deal to a work of art.