National Institute of Science & Technology WIRELESS LAN SECURITY Swagat Sourav [1] Wireless LAN Security Presented By SWAGAT SOURAV Roll # EE Under the guidance of Mr. Siddhartha Bhusan Neelamani

National Institute of Science & Technology WIRELESS LAN SECURITY Swagat Sourav [2] It is also easy to interfere with wireless communications. A simple jamming transmitter can make communications impossible. For example, consistently hammering an access point with access requests, whether successful or not, will eventually exhaust its available radio frequency spectrum and knock it off the network. Advantages of WLAN Disadvantages WLAN Introduction

National Institute of Science & Technology WIRELESS LAN SECURITY Swagat Sourav [3] WLAN Authentication Wireless LANs, because of their broadcast nature, require the addition of: User authentication Data privacy Authenticating wireless LAN clients. Client Authentication Process

National Institute of Science & Technology WIRELESS LAN SECURITY Swagat Sourav [4] WLAN Authentication Types Of Authentication  Open Authentication The authentication request The authentication response  Shared Key Authentication requires that the client configure a static WEP key  Service Set Identifier (SSID)  MAC Address Authentication MAC address authentication verifies the client’s MAC address against a locally configured list of allowed addresses or against an external authentication server

National Institute of Science & Technology WIRELESS LAN SECURITY Swagat Sourav [5] WLAN Authentication Vulnerabilities SSID An eavesdropper can easily determine the SSID with the use of an wireless LAN packet analyzer, like Sniffer Pro. Open Authentication Open authentication provides no way for the access point to determine whether a client is valid. Shared Key Authentication Vulnerabilities The process of exchanging the challenge text occurs over the wireless link and is vulnerable to a man-in-the-middle attack MAC Address Authentication Vulnerabilities A protocol analyzer can be used to determine a valid MAC address

National Institute of Science & Technology WIRELESS LAN SECURITY Swagat Sourav [6] WEP Encryption WEP is based on the RC4 algorithm, which is a symmetric key stream cipher. The encryption keys must match on both the client and the access point for frame exchanges to succeed  Stream Ciphers Encrypts data by generating a key stream from the key and performing the XOR function on the key stream with the plain-text data

National Institute of Science & Technology WIRELESS LAN SECURITY Swagat Sourav [7] WEP Encryption  Block Ciphers Fragments the frame into blocks of predetermined size and performs the XOR function on each block.

National Institute of Science & Technology WIRELESS LAN SECURITY Swagat Sourav [8] W EP Encryption Weaknesses There are two encryption techniques to overcome WEP encryption weakness  Initialization vectors  Feedback modes Initialization vectors

National Institute of Science & Technology WIRELESS LAN SECURITY Swagat Sourav [9] W EP Encryption Weaknesses Feedback Modes

National Institute of Science & Technology WIRELESS LAN SECURITY Swagat Sourav [10] W EP Encryption Weaknesses Statistical Key Derivation—Passive Network Attacks A WEP key could be derived by passively collecting particular frames from a wireless LAN Inductive Key Derivation—Active Network Attacks Inductive key derivation is the process of deriving a key by coercing information from the wireless LAN  Initialization Vector Replay Attacks  Bit-Flipping Attacks Static WEP Key Management Issues

National Institute of Science & Technology WIRELESS LAN SECURITY Swagat Sourav [11] Component of WLAN Security The Authentication Framework (802.1X) The EAP Authentication Algorithm  Mutual Authentication  User-Based Authentication  Dynamic WEP Keys Data Privacy with TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol )  A message integrity check (MIC  Per-packet keying  Broadcast Key Rotation

National Institute of Science & Technology WIRELESS LAN SECURITY Swagat Sourav [12] Future of WLAN Security AES ( Advanced Encryption Standard )  AES-OCB Mode

National Institute of Science & Technology WIRELESS LAN SECURITY Swagat Sourav [13] Future of WLAN Security  AES-CCM Mode

National Institute of Science & Technology WIRELESS LAN SECURITY Swagat Sourav [14] Conclusion Wireless LAN deployments should be made as secure as possible. Standard security is weak and vulnerable to numerous network attacks. This paper has highlighted these vulnerabilities and described how it can be solved to create secure wireless LANs. Some security enhancement features might not be deployable in some situations because of device limitations such as application specific devices (ASDs such as phones capable of static WEP only) or mixed vendor environments. In such cases, it is important that the network administrator understand the potential WLAN security vulnerabilities.

National Institute of Science & Technology WIRELESS LAN SECURITY Swagat Sourav [15] Thank You!!!