General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Fourth Edition Karen Timberlake 5.6 Naming and Writing Covalent Formulas Chapter 5 Compounds and Their Bonds © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Lectures

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 2 Names of Covalent Compounds When naming a covalent compound,  the first nonmetal in the formula is named by its element name, and  the second nonmetal is named using the first syllable of its element name, followed by ide. Prefixes are used  to indicate the number of atoms present for each element in the compound, and  because two nonmetals can form two or more different compounds

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 3 Prefixes Used in Naming Covalent Compounds

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 4 Some Covalent Compounds

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 5 Guide to Naming Covalent Compounds with Two Nonmetals

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 6 Naming Covalent Compounds, SO 2 Analyze the Problem. Step 1 Name the first nonmetal by its element name. In SO 2, the first nonmetal (S) is sulfur. Symbols of Elements SO Name sulfuroxygen Subscripts 12 Prefix (none) understooddi

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 7 Naming Covalent Compounds, SO 2 Step 2 Name the second nonmetal by using the first syllable of its name followed by ide. The second nonmetal (O) is named oxide. Step 3 Add prefixes to indicate the number of atoms (subscripts). Because there is one sulfur atom, no prefix is needed. The subscript two for the oxygen atoms is written as the prefix di. The name of SO 2 is sulfur dioxide.

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 8 Learning Check Name the covalent compound P 2 O 5.

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 9 Solution Name the covalent compound P 2 O 5. Analyze the Problem. Step 1 Name the first nonmetal by its element name. In P 2 O 5, the first nonmetal (P) is phosphorus. Symbols of Elements PO Name phosphorusoxygen Subscripts 25 Prefix dipenta

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 10 Solution Step 2 Name the second nonmetal by using the first syllable of its name followed by ide. The second nonmetal (O) is named oxide. Step 3 Add prefixes to indicate the number of atoms (subscripts). The subscript for the two P atoms is di; the subscript for the five oxygen atoms is penta. The name of P 2 O 5 is phosphorus pentoxide. When the vowels o and o, or a and o appear together (pentaoxide), the first vowel is omitted.

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 11 Select the correct name for each compound. 1.SiCl 4 A. silicon chloride B. tetrasilicon chloride C. silicon tetrachloride 2.Cl 2 O 7 A. dichlorine heptoxide B. dichlorine oxide C. chlorine heptoxide Learning Check

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 12 Select the correct name for each compound. 1.SiCl 4 C. silicon tetrachloride 2.Cl 2 O 7 A. dichlorine heptoxide Solution

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 13 Guide to Writing Formulas for Covalent Compounds

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 14 Write the formula for sulfur hexafluoride. Analyze the Problem. Step 1 Write the symbols in order of the elements in the name. S F Step 2 Write any prefixes as subscripts. Prefix hexa = 6 Formula: SF 6 Writing Formulas of Covalent Compounds Name sulfurhexafluoride Symbols of Elements SF Subscripts 16 (from hexa)

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 15 Write the correct formula for dinitrogen trioxide. Learning Check

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 16 Write the correct formula for dinitrogen trioxide. Analyze the Problem. Step 1 Write the symbols in order of the elements in the name. N O Step 2 Write any prefixes as subscripts. Prefixes: di = 2, tri = 3, Formula: N 2 O 3 Solution Name nitrogentrioxide Symbols of Elements NO Subscripts 2 (from di)3 (from tri)

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 17 Learning Check Name each of the following compounds. 1. Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 2. FeBr 3 3. SCl 2 4. Cl 2 O

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 18 Solution Name each of the following compounds. 1. Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 Ca 2+, PO 4 3− calcium phosphate 2. FeBr 3 Fe 3+, Br − iron(III) bromide 3. SCl 2 1 S, 2 Cl sulfur dichloride 4. Cl 2 O 2 Cl, 1 O dichlorine oxide

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 19 Learning Check Write the formulas for the following compounds. 1. calcium nitrate 2. boron trifluoride 3. aluminum carbonate 4. dinitrogen tetroxide 5. copper(I) phosphate

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5, Section 6 20 Solution Write the formulas for the following compounds. 1. calcium nitrateCa 2+, NO 3 − Ca(NO 3 ) 2 2. boron trifluoride 1 B, 3 F BF 3 3. aluminum carbonateAl 3+, CO 3 2− Al 2 (CO 3 ) 3 4. dinitrogen tetroxide 2 N, 4 O N 2 O 4 5. copper(I) phosphateCu +, PO 4 3− Cu 3 PO 4