Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter

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Presentation transcript:

Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter Unit 2

Introduction to the Atom Modern Atomic Theory Subatomic Particles Isotopes Ions Essential Standards and objectives: 1.1.1 Analyze the structure of atoms, isotopes, and ions. 1.1.2 Analyze an atom in terms of the location of electrons. 1.1.3Explain the emission of electromagnetic radiation in spectral form in terms of the Bohr model. 1.1.4 Explain the process of radioactive decay using nuclear equations and half-life. 2.2.5 Analyze quantitatively the composition of a substance. (Introduction to moles)

Agenda 2/6: Purpose: To determine the structure of an atom Warm-up: Reading on Atoms Atomic Theory Atomic Structure How is it represented? Isotopes How are isotopes represented?

Reading: Cornell notes Essential questions: What are the characteristics of an atom? In your notes: address both individual atoms and atoms of an element

The Atom: Smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties of the element. Essential Questions: What is an atom? What is its structure? What determines properties of an element?

Atoms act in orderly, predictable ways.

Modern Atomic Theory All matter: Atoms of a given element: Atoms cannot be created nor destroyed in: In chemical reactions, atoms are

Atomic Theory (cont.) To form compounds: Law of Definite Proportions Law of Multiple Proportions

Summary Table: Atomic Structure- Subatomic Particles Subatomic Location Charge Mass Importance Particle AMU

AMU = relative measurement and used for comparison Atomic Mass Unit AMU The “amu” is defined as one twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12 (with 6 protons and 6 neutrons) and has a value of 1.660538921×10−27 kg.

How small is an atom? http://ed.ted.com/lessons/just-how-small-is-an-atom

Designation of Atomic Structure Atomic number (Z): On the Periodic Table: Mass number (A):

Designations for the Atomic Structure Atomic number (Z): On the Periodic Table Mass number (A): 20 Ca 40.08

Isotopes

Isotopes - Discovery Education Video

Isotopes (“versions” of the same element) Atoms of an element with different masses Naturally occurring Some are stable and some are radioactive (unstable) Isotopes of an element have the same number of ___________ and a different number of ______________.

Identifying Isotopes Isotope Notation 1. 2. On the Periodic Table, the number with the Decimal point is:

Review: What is Z. What is A Review: What is Z? What is A? Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons. In Nature, 12 C 6 6 C Carbon 12.011 Occurs 98.89% frequency 13 C 6 Occurs 1.11 % frequency

Atoms of the Same Element

Atoms of the Same Element

Atomic Mass Weighted Average Mass of isotopes Based on the percentage of each isotope present. Mass Abundance C-12 12.0 x 98.89 = C-13 13.0 x 1.11=

Grades are often computed using a weighted average. Suppose that homework counts 10%, quizzes 20%, Labs 10% and tests 60%. If: homework grade is 92 quiz grade is 68 lab grade is 88 test grade is 81 What’s the overall grade?

Practice - Worksheet Atomic Structure Atomic Number & Isotopes Identify the number of proton, neutron, & electrons of an atom of a specific element Rounding the atomic mass on the Periodic Table gives the mass of the most common isotope Atomic Number & Isotopes Correct symbol: A & Z Complete the table Complete the questions.

Atomic Number & Isotope

Practice: - worksheet Find the Average Atomic Mass Nucleus of each atom is represented Graphic below #4 - explains #5-7 Isotopes: Atomic Number & Mass Number Determine based on the chart – not the PT 2 Isotope notations Element – A (X-A) A ZX

Find Average Atomic Mass

Isotopes: Atomic Number & Mass Number Element Isotope Symbol Atomic Number Z Mass A # of protons # of neutrons # of electrons

Review & Explain: How does this graphic demonstrate the characteristics of an atom? Make sure that you include each graphic representation in your explanation

Atom: Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Development of the Modern Atomic Model Here are several models of the atom as they were developed in history: ............ ...... ................ Development of the Modern Atomic Model

History of Discovering the Atom http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=thnDxFdkzZs