1) My opinion of Austin City Limits is: A.Expensive B.Hot C.Crowded D.Didn’t go E.Great

Admin Messed-up morning office hours this week ARE 465 HW #2 due on Thursday (by 5 pm w/ no late penalty) HW#3 (more straightforward) handed out on Thursday, due on 9/30/04 NO LATE SUBMITTALS Midterm #1 10/05/04 Practice midterm handed out on 9/28/04

Objectives Describe lamp technology High intensity discharge Innovative technologies Calculate required lighting levels IESNA Handbook Handout (from Tao and Janis)

High Intensity Discharge (HID) Arc through conducting vapor High temperature and pressure Ceramic or quartz tubes Glass protective casing Figure 3.18

Ref: Tao and Janis (2001)

Types of HID Lighting TypeColor Temp. (K) Efficacy (lumens/W) CRILifetime (1000 hours) Mercury HPS SOX ~ Metal Halide 3600~100< minimal decline in output with aging

Issues with HID lighting Long start-up ~ minutes Arc needs to stabilize, heat vapor Even longer restart Up to 40,000 hour life time

Ref: Tao and Janis (2001)

2) Which of the following statements is not true? A.HID lamps have shorter lifetimes than CFL lamps B.HID lamps require ballasts C.Fluorescent lamps require ballasts D.Fluorescent lamps have a higher CRI than HID lamps

3) What is a difference between a mercury vapor lamp and a fluorescent lamp? A.A fluorescent lamp doesn’t require an electrical arc. B.A fluorescent lamp doesn’t have mercury vapor in. C.A fluorescent lamp uses a phosphorus screen to create light. D.A fluorescent lamp needs a ballast.

What is next in lamp technology LEDs Exit signs Need brighter white Microwave lighting Hugely efficient Possible interference with wireless networks

Ref: Tao and Janis (2001)

Exit Signs

Comparison TypePower (W)Lifetime Incandescent402 – 8 months Fluorescent10 – 251 – 2 years LED~110+ years LEC~ years (?) Tritium010 – 20 years

Comparison Incandescent: 40 W × 8760 hr/year = 350 kWh Demand charges, maintenance, additional cooling Uneven illumination LED: 1 W × 8760 hr/year = 8.8 kWh 1/40 th of the energy charges, lower demand, less maintenance, lower cooling bills More even illumination

4) Which of the following lighting types would not be appropriate for its corresponding use? A.LED – traffic lights B.SOX – highway lights C.HPS – football stadium in Austin, TX D.CFL – loading dock in Minot, North Dakota

Lamps are not the only thing Fixtures (luminaires) Lamp type and number Power requirements Ballast Application requirements Mounting Fixture control Special feaures Distribution

Lighting design calculations What is the space being used for? How much light do the occupants need? What factors will influence light levels? Preliminary calculations What fixtures/lamps/ballasts should you use? Where should you put them?

What about quality of light? Glare Comfort Similar to thermal comfort Evenness Around work area On surfaces Color issues CRI, color temperature

Handouts Step-by-step procedure Some guidance in your textbook Best source is IESNA Handbook Focuses much more on quality issues Need to reference it for specific spaces

5) Which of the following factors does not influence the amount of illumination needed (designed for) in a space? A)Type of activity performed B)Shape of the space C)Age of occupants D)Speed or accuracy required by the task being performed

Illumination Requirements Type of activity Age Speed/accuracy issues Contrast

IES Handbook 1.Pick the task and the work surface 2.Select the category Determines illumination range (3) Ambient lighting Lighting on the work surface Task lighting on the work surface 3.Evaluate weighting factors 4.Pick illumination value

Examples Drafting in 5 th floor lab Computer laboratory In the same room? Sushi counter in a restaurant Dining area in same restaurant

6) You are designing the lighting for a sewing room in a nursing home. The total weighting factor and the total amount of illumination needed are ____ and ____. A)+2 and 1000 lux B)+2 and 500 lux C)+1 and 1000 lux D)+1 and 2000 lux

Summary Describe lamp technologies Select for lighting design Determine how much light is needed in a space