P RESSURE & D ENSITY Forces in Fluids. Pressure is the amount of force per unit area applied to an object’s surface. Pressure = Force / Area.

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Presentation transcript:

P RESSURE & D ENSITY Forces in Fluids

Pressure is the amount of force per unit area applied to an object’s surface. Pressure = Force / Area

P RESSURE Example: A surfer applies a force of 645 N on the water. The area of the surfboard is 1.5 meters squared. What is the pressure applied? P = F/A P = 645 N / 1.5 meters 2 P = 430 Pa

Surface area increases = Pressure decreases Surface area decreases = Pressure increases

Atmospheric Pressure – the ratio of weight of all the air above you to your surface area.  Decreases as you move up in elevation Underwater pressure  Increases as you move down

D ENSITY Density = Mass / Volume Example: A box has a mass of 10 kg and a volume of 2 cubic centimeters. What is the density? D = M/V D = 10 kg / 2 cm 3 D = 5 kg/cubic cm 3

Water has a density of 1.  Objects float if they have a density less than 1  Objects sink if they have a density more than 1.

B UOYANCY A buoyant force is an upward force applied by a fluid on an object in the fluid. Archimedes’ Principle states that the weight of the fluid that an object displaces is equal to the buoyant force acting on the object.

B UOYANT F ORCE & W EIGHT  Weight greater than buoyant force = sinks  Weight less than buoyant force = floats