IC3.31.3 Weak or strong? © Oxford University Press 2011 Weak or strong?

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Strength of Acids and Alkalis By SK Chan. Why do acids/alkalis show different properties? Acid/AlkalipH value Electrical conductivity 0.1 M Ethanoic acid4Low.

Advertisements

HIGHER CHEMISTRY REVISION.

CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT WAID ACADEMY ACIDS. What is the pH of 50 cm 3 of a 1 x mol l -1 solution of hydrochloric acid?

Aqueous solutions. Many ionic or covalent compounds are soluble in water; others are insoluble. When ionic substances dissolve in water, the ions break.

Higher Chemistry Unit 3 Section 4 Acids and Bases Multiple Choice Questions This is designed to be used by teachers to help students develop skills in.

Acidic, basic and neutral salts. Salts Salts are formed when acids react with bases. acid + base → salt + water When strong acids react with strong bases.

Strength of Acids and Bases. What makes a strong acid or base?  The strength of an acid or base is based on how many acid or base particles break down.

Bellringer What is an acid? What is a base?

ACIDS AND BASES. Acids  Acidic solutions contain water and hydrogen ions (H+)

1 Acids and Bases ICS Madrid. 2 Revision l When an acid reacts with a base, which compound(s) are formed? l What is the name of H 2 SO 4 ? l What is the.

Acids, Bases, and pH Unit 7: Acids and Bases. What are Acids? Definition: Ionic compounds that produce hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water What.

Chlorine compounds in the water of a swimming pool prevent the growth of bacteria. The concentration of hydronium ions in solution must be carefully controlled.

Strong and Weak Acids and Bases

Chapter 14 – Acids and Bases. History of Acids & Bases Vinegar was probably the only known acid in ancient times. Strong acids such as sulfuric, nitric.

Acids and Bases. Acids are substances that turn blue litmus red, and usually react with metals such as zinc, releasing hydrogen. Examples: hydrochloric.

Strong and Weak Acids and Bases

Strong and Weak Acids and Bases

An acid is a substance which ionises (splits into ions) when placed in water, producing hydrogen ions (H + ) E.g. Sulfuric acid H 2 SO 4 H + + HSO 4 -

REVISION ACIDS & BASES. MODELS ARRHENIUS THEORY A n acid is a substance that produces hydrogen ions (H + )/hydronium ions (H 3 O + ) when it dissolves.

pH What is the pH of an ACID? Which type of OXIDE forms an ALKALI? Which type of OXIDE forms an ACID? What happens to the pH of an ACID when it is diluted?

Strengths of Acids and Bases.  Acids and bases are classified as strong or weak according to the degree to which they ionize in water.  Strong acids.

CHEMISTRY Unit 10 Notes: Acid & Base Stuff. (1) Acids Release H+ (hydrogen ions) when they dissociate in water. Common Characteristics: – pH = 0-6 – Indicator.

10.5 Equilibria in Salt Solutions LO: I understand how the pH of a salt solution comes about.

Acids & Bases A More Detailed Look VCE Chemistry Unit 2: Environmental Chemistry Area of Study 1 – Water.

Ch. 20 Acids and Bases. Observable Properties of Acids and Bases Sour Taste Electrolytes when in aqueous solution React with metals to produce Hydrogen.

Carboxylic Acids These are organic acids. The most common one is ethanoic acid. The functional group is C OH O.

Acids and Bases (2).

Starter question. Consider propanoic acid (CH 3 CH 2 COOH) reacting with water….. 1. Write a symbol equation for the equilibrium that is established.

REVISION ACIDS & BASES. MODELS ARRHENIUS THEORY A n acid is a substance that produces hydrogen ions (H + )/hydronium ions (H 3 O + ) when it dissolves.

Species in Solutions Showing relative concentrations of species present in aqueous solutions.

Acids, Bases, and pH Chapters 14/15. 1.Aqueous solutions of acids have a sour taste. 2.Acids change the color of acid-base indicators. 3.Some acids react.

Acid and Bases Chapter 15 Quiz. Round 1 Question 1 Which of the following metals will produce hydrogen gas when reacting with acids and bases?

Title: Lesson 4 Strong and Weak Acids and Bases

1 4.7 Acids and Bases. Properties of Acids and Bases Acid Base - pH 7 - tastes sour- tastes bitter - no special feel- feels slippery - turns blue litmus.

Acids, Bases, and Salts Get to know them!. Facts about Acids and Bases An acid is a substance that produces Hydrogen Ions ( H + ). A bases is a substance.

Acids and Bases Chapter 14. Brønsted-Lowry Theory Brønsted-Lowry describes reactions of acids as involving the donation of a hydrogen ion (H + ) Brønsted-Lowry.

Acids and Bases. Brønsted-Lowry Theory Brønsted-Lowry describes reactions of acids as involving the donation of a hydrogen ion (H + ) Brønsted-Lowry describes.

Acids and Bases By Abdul Musawwir Class 2Q. NaCl NaOH A Salt A Base The base is under a salt!! Copyright © 2011 | Abdul Musawwir.

10.3 Strong and Weak Bases LO: I understand the difference between strong and weak bases.

ACIDS & BASES How does pH value affect our environment?

Acids and Bases Part 3. Strong and Weak Acids and Bases Consider the acid dissociation reaction: HA   H + + A - If this equilibrium lies to the right,

Acids, bases and pH. The Brønsted–Lowry theory of acids and bases involves the transfer of protons (hydrogen ions). Acids are proton donors.

Topic 08 – Acids/Bases 8.2 – Properties of Acids and Bases.

Topic 08 – Acids/Bases 8.3 – Strong and Weak Acids and Bases.

Acids and Bases Check 1. Define Bronsted-Lowry base; 2. Identify the acid and base; HSO 4 - (aq) + H 2 O(l) ←→ H 3 O + (aq) + SO 4 2- (aq) 3. What is a.

What do they have in common?. And finally ….. BUFFERS.

Rates of Reaction Mrs. Kay. Rate of reaction  The time it takes for a reaction to take place.  The time needed for a certain amount of reactants to.

Buffer Solutions & Equilibrium Law David Martin City and Islington College Students Name: …………………………………………………………………..

S2 Science pH Scale.

7.2 THE STRENGTH OF ACIDS AND ALKALIS

Chapter 8.4 Calculations Involving Acidic Solutions

TEXAS EDUCATION AGENCY POINT OF VIEW

Starter Quiz What is the pH scale? What does it measure?

Introduction to Acids and Bases

The following slides should help you with your revision, but should not be your only form of revision. Remember to use your notes, a textbook, websites.

Acids and bases F Acids and bases pH — measuring acidity

On a Scale of 0 to 14 pH Notes.

Strong and Weak acids Further (Flightpath C&B): Recall examples of strong and weak acids. Describe how an acid or alkali can be concentrated or dilute.

UNDERSTANDING ACIDS and ALKALIS

Chlorine compounds in the water of a swimming pool prevent the growth of bacteria. The concentration of hydronium ions in solution must be carefully controlled.

8.3 – Strong vs. Weak Acid & Base Titrations

Describing Acids and Bases

pH Scale Strengths of Acids and Bases

Physical Science Chapter 23

Presentation transcript:

IC Weak or strong? © Oxford University Press 2011 Weak or strong?

IC Weak or strong? © Oxford University Press 2011 The functional group gives carboxylic acids their acid properties.

IC Weak or strong? © Oxford University Press 2011 When an ethanoic acid molecule dissolves in water, a hydrogen ion may leave its functional group. The acid molecule has split up to form ions. It has ionised.

IC Weak or strong? © Oxford University Press 2011 Hydrochloric acid is completely ionised in solution. Every hydrogen chloride molecule has split up to make hydrogen ions and chloride ions. The acid is fully ionised. HCl(g) + (aq)  H + (aq) + Cl – (aq)

IC Weak or strong? © Oxford University Press 2011 Acids that are fully ionised in solution are strong acids. Nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid are all strong acids.

IC Weak or strong? © Oxford University Press 2011 Carboxylic acids are different. Fewer than 1% of their molecules ionise when they dissolve in water. This means they are weak acids. The equilibrium for the solution of ethanoic acid lies towards the left: CH 3 COOH(l) + (aq) CH 3 COO – (aq) + H + (aq)

IC Weak or strong? © Oxford University Press 2011  A solution is acidic if its pH is less than 7. The lower the pH, the more acidic the solution.  pH is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions, H +, in solution.  The greater the concentration of hydrogen ions, the lower the pH.

IC Weak or strong? © Oxford University Press 2011 Name and concentration of acidpH hydrochloric acid, 0.1 mol/dm ethanoic acid, 0.1 mol/dm Two acids with the same concentration are measured for pH.

IC Weak or strong? © Oxford University Press 2011 The hydrochloric acid has a lower pH. It is more acidic. This is because all the hydrogen chloride molecules are ionised. The concentration of hydrogen ions is relatively high. Universal indicator turns red.

IC Weak or strong? © Oxford University Press 2011 The ethanoic acid has a higher pH. It is less acidic. This is because fewer than 1% of the ethanoic acid molecules are ionised. The concentration of hydrogen ions is relatively low. Universal indicator turns orange.

IC Weak or strong? © Oxford University Press 2011 Remember:  There is a difference between a strong acid and a concentrated acid.  A strong acid, such as hydrochloric acid, ionises completely in solution.  A concentrated acid has a greater amount of acid dissolved in a certain volume of solution than a more dilute solution of the same acid.

IC Weak or strong? © Oxford University Press Predict which will have the lower pH: (a) a 1 mol/dm 3 solution of ethanoic acid or (b) a 2 mol/dm 3 solution of ethanoic acid. Solution (b) because it has a greater amount of acid dissolved in it, and so it has a higher concentration of H + ions and is more acidic.

IC Weak or strong? © Oxford University Press Predict which will have the lower pH: (a) a 1 mol/dm 3 solution of propanoic acid or (b) a 1 mol/dm 3 solution of sulfuric acid. Solution (b) because sulfuric acid molecules ionise much more than propanoic acid molecules, and so it has a higher concentration of H + ions and is more acidic.