Flying Start Health/ Science Cells & Body Systems Flying Start Health/ Science

Introducing the human body http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/science/health-human-body-sci/human-body/human-body-sci.html -National Geographic- Human Body 101 (3 minutes)

We are made up of CELLS! We have about 200 different types! Each person contains more than 100 trillion cells in total 5-50 million of our cells die every minute 400 cells can fit on the head of a pin! Just like the muscle tissue in your heart is made of muscle cells. Various tissues are arranged into a structure called an organ, an organ is a collection of specific tissues that have particular fn or jobs to do. The muscle tissue in your heart works with other tissues in the heart to pump the blood carrying the oxygen and nutrients around our body. The heart is apart of the circulatory system that helps to keep us alive.

We made of CELLS? Cells are the Building Blocks of LIFE Cells Tissues Organs Systems So cells are often called the building blocks of life. And they hold all of the answers! Because of this the government puts a lot of money into research into human disease and how we work. Similar Cells fit together to form tissues, a number of different tissues work together to form an organ. And organs are organized to work together in systems ,systems work together to keep us alive For example muscle cells of the heart come together to form the muscle tissue that works together with other tissue in the heart to pump the blood and red blood cells carrying much needed oxygen around your body, veins as well as arteries and blood and your heart are apart of the circulatory system. breathing, walking and moving, digesting food and even helping us to fight off infection and producing new life.

A cell is the smallest living thing, We are made up of many many cells, we are said to be multicellular organisms, plants and other animals are also multicellular organisms. there are actually more then 200 different types of cells in our body. So How are we made up of cells? Cells of the same type are generally found together in tissues, a tissue is a group of similar cells organised to do a particular job, like the muscle tissue in your stomach and digestive tract are made up of muscle cells. And nerve tissue in your brain or spinal chord is made up of nerve cells.

We are made of CELLS! Cells are the Building Blocks of LIFE Cells Tissues Organs Systems What Body Systems or Organs do you know of? Brainstorm body systems… WHAT BODY SYSTEMS DO YOU KNOW OF? So take home message is cells form tissues which form organs which make up the systems of our body.

We are made of CELLS! Cells are the Building Blocks of LIFE Cells Tissues Organs Systems What Body Systems or Organs do you know of? Respiratory system - Muscular system Circulatory system - Nervous system Digestive system - Reproductive system Skeletal system - Excretory system Integumentary (Skin) system

We are made of CELLS! Cells are the Building Blocks of LIFE Cells Tissues Organs Systems What Cells or Cell types have you heard of? Brainstorm What cell types might exist

We are made of CELLS! Cells are the Building Blocks of LIFE Cells Tissues Organs Systems What Cells have you heard of? Lung cells Blood cells Muscle cells Reproductive cells Bone cells Skin cells Can you guess what body system they belong to? CAN YOU GUESS WHAT BODY SYSTEM EACH CELL TYPE MAY BELONG TO???

Body Systems Nervous system Detects and interprets information from the environment outside the body an from within the body Coordinates the body’s response to changes in its internal and external environments Skeletal system  Supports the body, protects it and works with muscles to allow movement. Stores mineral reserves and provides a site for blood cell formation Integumentary system (skin)   Protects the body, keeps water inside the body & regulates body temperature Serves as a barrier against infection and injury Endocrine system    Controls many regulatory processes by mean of chemicals (Hormones) Immune systems Helps protect body from disease, fights of disease causing mircroorganisms (Bacteria and Virus). Muscular system Helps produce voluntary movement, circulate blood, and move food Reproductive system Produces reproductive cells Respiratory system Provides oxygen and removes carbon dioxide Excretory system Eliminates wastes and maintains balance Circulatory system Carries needed material to and waste away from the body. Brings materials to cells, fights infection, and helps to regulate body temperature Digestive system Converts food so it can be used by cells There are 11 different body system, each body system has a very important role in keeping us alive and healthy! Go through the different body systems.

CELLS Cities and towns contain many buildings, in turn each building is made up of smaller parts, such as bricks. Humans as well as all other living things are made up of smaller pieces called cells; Cells are microscopic, the average cell is 500 times smaller then a grain of sand, but we can see them with microscopes. A cell is the smallest unit of life once a cell is broken or gets ruptured it dies, so an intact cell can work its alive and viable, but once you try and break down a cell into smaller pieces it dies it no longer works. So a viable cell is the smallest unit of life, it’s the smallest living thing. As we saw in the clip individual cells are alive.

BRAIN CELLS!

NERVE CELL!

BONE CELLS!

INTRODUCING CELLS! A CELL CULTURE LAB. CELL CULTURE DISH Cells that normally occur on our body can also be isolated and grown in a laboratory Cells can be alive on or in our bodies but they can also be grown outside our bodies in a lab. This is why we know so much about Cells and how they work.

CELL CULTURE LAB INCUBATOR BIOSAFETY HOOD A Tissue culture Lab is a laboratory specially set up to grow cells. It has a Hood or safety cabinet to work in so that the cells don’t become contaminated, also there is an incubator to grow the cells in and that is set at 37 degrees Celsius which is the optimum temperature for cell growth and it is also the same temperature that our bodies are maintained at. INCUBATOR BIOSAFETY HOOD

CELL CULTURE: CELLS This is a photograph taken with a light microscope, because cells are so small we can only see them using microscopes. This is what cells taken from our body and grown in the lab looks like under a microscope

WHITE BLOOD CELLS! White blood cells are apart of our circulatory system and they can detect foreign visitors in our body that aren’t meant to be there like bacteria and viruses that make us sick, and they kill them by literally swallowing them up and then special enzymes inside the cell break them down and kill them.

WHITE BLOOD CELLS!

BRAIN CELLS!

NERVE CELL!

BONE CELLS!