1 The Mole

2 How you measure how much? How you measure how much? You can measure mass, You can measure mass, or volume, or volume, or you can count pieces. or you can count pieces. We measure mass in grams. We measure mass in grams. We measure volume in liters. We measure volume in liters. We count pieces in MOLES. We count pieces in MOLES.

3 Moles Defined as the number of carbon atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon- 12. Defined as the number of carbon atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon mole is x particles. 1 mole is x particles. Treat it like a very large dozen Treat it like a very large dozen x is called Avogadro’s number x is called Avogadro’s number.

4 The Mole Song A mole is an animal that burrows in the ground, or a spot on your chin that you gotta shave around. But there’s another kind of mole of interest to me, That’s the kind of mole they use in chemistry. A mole is a unit, or have you heard, Containing six times ten to the twenty-third, That's a six with twenty-three zero's at the end, Much too big a number to comprehend. Say you had a mole of pennies to distribute 'round the world, Give to each of the five billion grownups, boys, and girls, There wouldn't be a single soul down and out of luck, Cause everybody in the world would get a trillion bucks. Or say you had a mole of paper and stacked it toward the sky, Paper's awful thin, but that pile would get so high. It'd reach up into outer space, in fact I think you'd find, It'd go up to the moon and back, eighty billion times. Suppose a mole of marshmallows fell upon the planet, Over each square inch of land and sea, think that you could stand it? That layer would be twelve miles high and of course block out the sun, We're talking close to five million trillion tons. Well, maybe we could save ourselves if we all started eaten', One marshmallow each second, not two 'cause that'd be cheatin', With five billion people munching, how long do you think it'd take? Forty million years, and that's without a bathroom break. But say you had a mole of atoms, would the pile be immense, Should I say the answer now or leave you in suspense? Well, atoms are so very, very small, you understand, You could hold a mole of atoms in the palm of your hand. So shake a little sugar in the middle of your palm, Now you don't want to spill it, so try and stay calm. You hardly can imagine and barely realize, There're more atoms in that sugar than stars up in the sky.

5 Examples How many atoms in 3.5 mole of Ca? How many atoms in 3.5 mole of Ca? How many atoms in.67 mole of Be? How many atoms in.67 mole of Be? How many moles is 5.8x10 22 atoms of N? How many moles is 5.8x10 22 atoms of N? How many moles is 7.9x10 24 atoms of P? How many moles is 7.9x10 24 atoms of P?

6 Measuring Moles Remember relative atomic mass? Remember relative atomic mass? The amu was one twelfth the mass of a carbon 12 atom. The amu was one twelfth the mass of a carbon 12 atom. Since the mole is the number of atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12, Since the mole is the number of atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12, The decimal number on the periodic table is also the mass of 1 mole of those atoms in grams. The decimal number on the periodic table is also the mass of 1 mole of those atoms in grams. Molar Mass of carbon is g/mole Molar Mass of carbon is g/mole

7 Examples How many moles is 96.8g of Sr? How many moles is 96.8g of Sr? How many moles is 183 g of Ba? How many moles is 183 g of Ba? How many grams is.50 moles of Si? How many grams is.50 moles of Si? How many grams is.75 moles of Na? How many grams is.75 moles of Na?

8 How many atoms in 35.5 g of Al? How many atoms in 35.5 g of Al? How many grams is 8.9 x10 23 atoms of Ni? How many grams is 8.9 x10 23 atoms of Ni?