Imaging Systems in Radiology Ch 18 Imaging Systems in Radiology

Workflow of images in radiology Printing of Image on film Radiologist Referring Physician Digital mages CT, MR, US Printing of Image on film Radiologist

Problems encountered with this system Difficult to install and maintain Platform (and vendor) dependent Close system

What is DICOM? DICOM – Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine A standard for exchanging digital information between medical imaging equipment and other systems (EHR) in insuring interoperability. The standard is a set of protocols between two devices. Standards were developed by the American College of Radiologists (ACR) Agreed upon standards for transmitting data. This standard created by the National Electrical Manufacturer Association (NEMA) to aid the distribution and viewing of medical images such as CT scans, MRIs and ultrasound.

DICOM Information Model     Service Class Specification specifies related SOP Class(es) defined as Service Group applied to an Information Object Definition A single DICOM file contains both a header (which stores information about the patient’s name, type of scan, image dimensions, etc) is a group of contains DIMSE Services   Attributes

Picture-archiving and communications system (PACS) PACS is a integrated computer system that acquires, stores, retrieves, and displays digital images.

Picture Archiving and Communication System PACS Picture Archiving and Communication System         CT MRI Ultrasound Laser Scanner Image Database PACS sdtands for Picture Archiving and Communication Systems, a package of software whereby images are stored and transmitted between modalities and computers. Workstation Workstation Review-station Review-station

Image Acquisition Acquires PACS that must obtain images in digital form. Maintains Database

Image display capabilities Implements a Query/Retrieval service Considering special display capabilities 3D, 4D data places greater demands to calculate and redisplay oblique slices. Configuration of storage areas

Image Storage Image storage requirements-differ by facility, by image modalities (CT, MRI) xray 2048x2560 pixels per image MRI 256x256 pixels per image CT-512x512 pixels per image

Ability to view images from internet Display medical images on a web browser Load DICOM files from the Internet Perform various Image manipulations Build a user-friendly interface

DICOM CLIENT Output Files DICOM SERVER IMAGE ARCHIVE HTTP patientQuery patientStudies moveStudy moveSeries showImage studyQuery DICOM CLIENT Output Files DICOM DICOM SERVER DICOM IMAGE ARCHIVE