Tonight’s homework: Read pages Do practice problems 1 & 2.

Acids & Bases What is an acid? What is a base? How man acids can you name? How many bases can you name?

Acids & Bases

H 2 O + H 2 O ↔ H 3 O + + OH -

Acids & Bases H 2 O + H 2 O ↔ H 3 O + + OH - H 2 O ↔ H + + OH -

Acids & Bases H 2 O + H 2 O ↔ H 3 O + + OH - H 2 O ↔ H + + OH -

There are two different definitions for acids and bases. You should know them both.

Arrhenius Model An acid is a substance that contains hydrogen and will ionize to produce H + ions in solution. A base is a substance that contains hydroxide and dissociates to produce OH - ions in solution.

Arrhenius Model HCl ↔ H + + Cl -

Arrhenius Model HCl ↔ H + + Cl - NaOH ↔ Na + + OH -

Arrhenius Model HCl ↔ H + + Cl - NaOH ↔ Na + + OH - NH 3 ↔ ?

Bronsted-Lowry Model An acid is an H + donor. A base is an H + acceptor.

Bronsted-Lowry Model HCl + H 2 O ↔ H 3 O + + Cl -

Bronsted-Lowry Model HCl + H 2 O ↔ H 3 O + + Cl - NaOH + H + ↔ Na + + H 2 O

Bronsted-Lowry Model HCl + H 2 O ↔ H 3 O + + Cl - NaOH + H + ↔ Na + + H 2 O NH 3 + H 2 O ↔ NH OH -

Bronsted-Lowry Model HCl + H 2 O ↔ H 3 O + + Cl - NaOH + H + ↔ Na + + H 2 O NH 3 + H 2 O ↔ NH OH -

Three more definitions: Conjugate acid is produced when a base accepts H + from an acid.

Three more definitions: Conjugate acid is produced when a base accepts H + from an acid. NH 3 + H + ↔ NH 4 +

Three more definitions: Conjugate base is produced when an acid donates H + to a base.

Three more definitions: Conjugate base is produced when an acid donates H + to a base. HCl ↔ H + + Cl -

Three more definitions: amphoteric = can act as an acid or as a base.

Three more definitions: amphoteric = can act as an acid or as a base. H 2 O + H 2 O ↔ H 3 O + + OH -

Homework Read pages Do practice problems 1 & 2.

Homework Read pages Do practice problems 1 & 2. You will need these formulas: Nitric acidHNO 3 Sulfuric acidH 2 SO 4 Hydrobromic acidHBr Hydrochloric acidHCl