What do Interest Groups do?

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Magruder’s American Government

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Presentation transcript:

What do Interest Groups do?

What Are Interest Groups? An Interest Group (special interests) is an organization of people with similar policy goals that tries to influence the political process to try to achieve those goals. Interest groups try to influence every branch and every level of government.

Types of Interest Groups Multi-Issue Interest Groups – NAACP, AARP Single-Issue Interest Groups – NRA, MADD Economic Interest Groups – AFL-CIO, U.S. Chamber of Commerce Public Interest Groups – Common Cause, Public Citizen Governmental Groups – States lobbying the federal government, Federal agencies lobbying Congress.

What Do Interest Groups Do? The most common and effective interest group technique is lobbying or seeking to influence and persuade others to support your group's position. Lobbyists are hired by businesses, foreign countries, trade associations, and anyone else wanting their voice heard on policy matters. A lobbyist is someone whose task it is to influence legislation or policymaking.

Interest Groups Techniques Direct Techniques: Lobbying private meetings testifying drafting legislation social occasions providing political information supplying nomination suggestions Indirect Techniques: Generating Public Pressure groundswell of public pressure using constituents as Lobbyists building alliances with other groups

Political Action Committees (PACs) The campaign fundraising wing of interest groups. Coordinate donations by employees or group members to political campaigns. Regulated by Federal Election Commission Act (FEC). Gained strength in the wake of 2002 campaign finance reform (why?).

Top Lobbying Expenditures

What Makes an Interest Group Successful? In general three factors tend to lead to interest group success: Leaders – Having a prominent leader aids in the reputation of the group and enhances a group’s ability to attain its goals. Patrons and Funding – Funding is critical. Without money, it is difficult to get your message out. Members – A group must have members to be successful. Organizing members allows for strength in numbers and pooling of financial support.

Criticism of Interest Groups Interest Groups have been criticized for ignoring the wider interest of society producing confusion and deadlock in Congress generating so much emotion that they make reasoned discussion difficult having too much influence

Positives Interest Groups promote interest in public affairs provide useful information serve as watchdogs represent the interest of citizens