Summary of supplementary data GLPF Grant- Team meeting #5 July 23, 2013

Supplementary information sheets Received a sheet for ~80% of the soil samples collected ~1500 total including gridded, repeat, and 4 part sampling

How many acres does this sample represent? Mean = 25 acres Median = 22 acres Ranged from 1-153

What is the soil drainage class, distance to nearest watercourse, and slope class (using county soil survey)? Tile drainage systematic in 38% and randomly present in low areas in 52% From Ohio P Taskforce draft report, 20% of soil in Sandusky River Basin is poorly/very poorly drained Somewhat poorly drained soils often close to a stream with little slope 64% 21% 7% 8% 43% 24% 8% 10% 15% 57% 40%

What was the previous crop in this field? Most samples collected after soybean, but prior to corn Wheat was at maximum 21-22% of samples 53% 24% 21% 48% 26% 22% What is the planned crop for this field?

Designate the form of tillage used for the type of crops typically planted in this field Reduced till most common for corn No-till or strip till dominated soybean and wheat 72% 9% 14% 6% 12% 18% 12% 5% 68% 83%

Tillage practices combined across crops Reduced till corn + no-till/strip till soy and wheat is most common 16% 45% 8% 6% 11% 14%

How and when will the majority of fertilizer be applied? 22% 40% 21% 14% 57% of P fertilizer is broadcast overall 53% applied in spring (April-June), 46% in late summer/fall (August- November), 0.5% in winter (December-March) 100% of banding with a corn planter occurred in the spring at planting with with corn (74%) or soybean (20%) 29% 8% 45% 12% 5%

Ohio Agriculture Retailer Survey results Sent to 54 retailers covering 4 million acres Lake Erie watershed Application occurred in the fall (September-October) on 44% of the acres, 16% in the winter (December-February), 7% in the summer (June-August), and 33% in spring (March-May)  We had 46% applied in late summer/fall (August-November), 0.5% in winter (December-March), and 53% in spring (April-June) Of the fertilizer applications, incorporation was as follows:  15% of broadcast was tilled after 1 week [14%]  18% of broadcast was tilled within 1 week [22%]  31% of broadcast was not tilled (i.e., no incorporation) [21%]  4% was strip tilled  33% was banded with a corn planter [40%]

When is broadcast fertilizer applied? 5% 50% 14% 21% 8% 19% applied in spring (April-June) 79% in late summer/fall (August-November) 0.9% in winter (December-March)

Does incorporation of broadcast fertilizer change with season? 32% 65%

Does incorporation of broadcast fertilizer change with season? Usually incorporated Equally followed by corn (35%) or soybean (35%) 32% 65%

Also usually incorporated Typically followed by corn (77%) 32% 65% 63% 20% 17% Does incorporation of broadcast fertilizer change with season?

Incorporated at least 1 week after application Followed by wheat (51%) or corn (35%) The previous crop was 52% soybean, 2% corn, and 44% wheat Question asks “when was a majority of the fertilizer applied?” Its possible that for fields applying fertilizer in late summer, samples were collected prior to wheat 32% 65% 63% 20% 17% 10% 21% 69% Does incorporation of broadcast fertilizer change with season?

Higher occurrence of no incorporation Samples collected before wheat (51%), corn (24%), or soybean (23%) 32% 65% 63% 20% 17% 10% 21% 69% 41% 18% 41% Does incorporation of broadcast fertilizer change with season?

Rarely incorporated Samples collected before soybean (85%) 32% 65% 63% 20% 17% 10% 21% 69% 41% 18% 41% 89% Does incorporation of broadcast fertilizer change with season?

All together, incorporation tends to be lower in the fall 32% 65% 63% 20% 17% 10% 21% 69% 41% 18% 41% 89% Does incorporation of broadcast fertilizer change with season?

Very little manure application Typically broadcast (89%) in late summer 76% 14% 6% 4% 16% 28% 45% 46% 11% 11% 12%8% 9% ↑15%↓ What is the manure application history? How and when will a majority of manures be applied?

In general, what type of recommendation do these rates follow? Most management recommendations follow maintenance fertilizer application rates When comparing recommended application rate to tri-state recommendation, 50% were higher and 50% lower  Of those higher, 90% indicated adding fertilizer for multiple crops 10% 76% 13% 17% 48% 11% 25%

In general, what type of recommendation do these rates follow? At >71ppm, P fertilizer application is still being recommended in 75% of fields  (25% recommend no application)  Only 39% indicate applying fertilizer for more than 1 crop 17% 48% 11% 25%

Summary Most fields were somewhat poorly drained with low slope and often near a stream Samples were collected after soybean and before corn; wheat was a lower proportion Rotational no-till was the most common tillage with reduced till (<30% residue) for corn and no-till for soybean and wheat P fertilizer was banded with a corn planter in spring at planting and broadcast in the late summer and fall

Summary Broadcast application in the fall was more likely to have no incorporation Manure application was rare, but when applied it was broadcast in the late summer to fall Recommendations for farmers were aimed to follow maintenance application rates  Those adding more than maintenance indicated adding fertilizer for multiple crops Fertilizer application is often recommended for those fields beyond tri-state drawdown range

Questions?