Jean Baptiste Perrin Nobel Prize in physics 1926 He demonstrated that the current in a vacuum tube was due to electron motion.

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Presentation transcript:

Jean Baptiste Perrin Nobel Prize in physics 1926 He demonstrated that the current in a vacuum tube was due to electron motion.

Collisions of particles affects the mobility term. +- Effective mass!

Lattice structure will also vibrate due to T > 0 “lattice scattering”

Electron & ion density and conductivity versus temperature -- silicon

Typical mobility values Silicon Gallium arsenide Germanium

Conductivity densities may be different

Restrictions in design

Exercise 4.3 For a particular silicon semiconductor device at room temperature, the required material is to be n type with a resistivity of  = 0.1  -cm. (a) determine the required impurity doping concentration and (b) the resulting electron mobility. Impurity concentration resistivity

Semiconductors are nonlinear. Velocity depends on electric field.

Semiconductors are nonlinear. GaAs Velocity depends on electric field.

Diffusion current is due to density gradient of density

Exercise 4.5 Assume that, in an n-type GaAs semiconductor at T = 300°K the electron concentration varies linearly. Calculate the magnitude of the diffusion current density.

Typical values Silicon Gallium arsenide Germanium

Diffusion current is due to density gradient of density – nonuniform doping

- Diffusion of electrons

Exercise 4.6 Assume that the donor impurity concentration In a semiconductor is given by Determine the electric field induced in the material in this impurity concentration.

Total current density– 4 components

The electron density changes differently than the ion density

Einstein relations

Due to T > 0, “lattice scattering” This effects mobility & diffusion!

National Public Radio puzzle combinations of 2 & 7 & j yields 8

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