Detector Simulation Presentation # 3 Nafisa Tasneem CHEP,KNU  How to do HEP experiment  What is detector simulation?  & how to handle the simulation data?

Global Sketch of HEP Experiment Determine Physics Goal Simulation Study Decide sub detectors Sub detector R&D System Integration Electronics R&D Software R&D System Calibration Data Taking Data Analysis Publish Results Readout Trigger(hardware) Cosmic rays Beam commissioning System debugging Beam/Detector Simulation code Trigger(software) Rawdata recording Data reconstruction Skimming/MDST Analysis tools Database Calibration Monitoring Momentum/Energy/Mass PID/Lifetime/BF Resolution/Efficiency/background Systematic study Beam test

What is detector simulation? A detector simulation program must provide the possibility of describing accurately an experimental setup (both in terms of materials and geometry). The program must provide the possibility of generating physics events(kinematics) and efficiently tracking particles through the simulated detector. The interactions between particles and matter must be simulated by taking into account all possible physics processes, for the whole energy range. The possibility of recording at run time all quantities needed for reproducing the experiment functioning must be provided. Some graphic and plot utilities must be in place. … and much more … Utilities HBOOK : package for histogramming and fitting HIGZ : High level Interface to Graphics and ZEBRA EGS : Electron-Gamma Simulation package PAW : Physics Analysis Workstation ROOT : OO Data Analysis Framework GEANT : Detector Description and Simulation Tool

HEP experimental apparatus needs huge expenses. Detector optimization is necessary ahead of detector construction. Simulation library contains all of possible physics processes that have been well proven. Detector performance can be checked out and debugged if any discrepancy is appeared. It’s possible to see what is happened at detector itself, and to shorten a period of time of system completion. Simulation package gives more detail information to make system debugging possible. Why to do simulation study

Geant is a general-purpose simulation toolkit for elementary particles interacting with matter. Its usage ranges from high energy cosmic or accelerated particle physics, nuclear physics, the assessment of radiation shielding and satellites, and is expanding into medical physics studies. Geant provides a comprehensive set of tools for all domains of simulation in these fields: geometry, tracking, detector response, run, event and track management, visualization and user interface. An abundant set of physics models have been handled the diverse interactions of particles with matter across a wide energy range by Geant.

Gammas: –Gamma-conversion, Compton scattering, Photo-electric effect Leptons(e, mu) + charged particles(hadrons, ions): –Ionisation, Bremstrahlung, Energy loss, Multiple scattering, transition radiation, Synchrotron radiation, PAI model energy loss Photons: –Cerenkov, Rayleigh, Reflection, Refraction, Absorption, Scintillation High energy muons and lepton-hadron interactions Implementation of physics to 1 KeV –in development version Physics Process: Let’s see how Geant Work in Detector simulation & how we can use that data with PAW……..

AMS-02 Detector:

AMS-02 Electromagnetic Calorimeter: