CHICAGO HISTORY CONT.

World Columbian Exposition  The Columbian Exposition was held in 1893 only 22 years after the fire.  The fair was the celebration of the 400 th anniversary of Columbus discovery of America.  The buildings that housed the fair were known as the White City.  Millions will come to the fair and new items were created and shown.

Chicago Haves and Have-Nots  Chicago had the very wealthy and the very poor  In 1900, 77 percent of Chicago population were foreign-born.  On average people were paid 45 dollars a month and rent was about 8 dollars a month.  Children were forced to work to help support their families.

World Columbian Exposition

Jane Addams  Came from an upper-middle class family but could not live in that life style knowing that the poor were suffering and created Hull House  Hull House helped to educate and give people a helping hand.  There were other places that helped the needy such as the Central Relief Association and taverns.

Baseball in Chicago  Before the Chicago Cubs were known for being the Cubs what were they?  When was the last time that they won a world series?  What is the new team called at the turn of the century when they come to Chicago?

The Great Migration  What was known as the Great Migration?  When did the did the Great Migration take place?

The Great Migration  The Great Migration took place as a result of World War I when thousand of young men joined the military and factories in the north needed workers.  African Americans saw this as an opportunity to make a better living for themselves and to get away from the south.  What did they find?

Great Migration  They found jobs until the war ended and the white men came home.  They found prejudice and conflict.  This will result in the race riots of 1919 when 23 African Americans are killed and 15 whites.  What caused the race riots of 1919?

Corrupt Chicago  Chicago in the early 1900’s had a lot of corruption and crime running throughout it from the mayor on down.  Along with corruption their were mobsters and gangs.

Gangsters  In the 1920’s Chicago had a huge problem with gangsters.  Johnny Torrio- controlled the largest section of the city followed by Dion O’Banion and Terry Druggan  Between the three there would be fighting and murders.  Al Capone will come into the mix when Torrio gives some of his operations to Capone.

Gangsters  Capone and Torrio will be double crossed by O’Banion who will be killed in  Torrio will go to jail after being shot at, but once he is done with jail he will give up his operations and leave Chicago for good for Italy.  Capone will have to fight it out with Weiss and in the process at least 500 men are killed.

Gangsters  Weiss will be killed and Capone’s only real rival is going to be George Morgan.  To settle the rival between Morgan and Capone there are more hits which will lead to the St. Valentine’s Day massacre where seven gangster were killed.  No one is ever arrested for it  Capone will finally be arrested and put in jail for 11 years for tax evasion.

Jazz Age  During the 1920’s is also when the Jazz Age takes off in Chicago.  One of the most famous jazz players is going to be Louis Armstrong.  Most jazz band are African American  By the 1930’s most of the famous jazz player of Chicago have moved to New York City.

Chicago Turns 100  When Chicago turned a hundred it was in the mists of the Great Depression but they still held a World’s Fair in  What had changed in Chicago in a 100 years?

Great Depression in Chicago  The Great Depression hit Chicago hard with half of the workforce out of jobs.  President Franklin Roosevelt created new programs under the New Deal.  In Chicago thanks to the New Deal programs helped to finish Midway Airport and Lake Shore Drive.

World War II  Chicago went from 50 percent to 1 percent unemployment.  Chicago sent young men to fight just like all the town across America.  Chicago had to deal with shortages of items such as food, clothing, and fuel.

World War II  There were racial tension during World War II against the German, Italian, and Japanese. The reason being people were afraid that they might attack them.  In Chicago it got so bad that Filipinos started wear badges that labeled them as Americans.  Women also had to step up to the plate, and take on more jobs.  World War II ended on August 14, 1945

After the War  With the end of war brought fear to Chicagoan’s that there might be another depression.  What happened is Chicago began to grow once more people did not need the weapons planes but they wanted for other items.  Also most people had saved up their money so after the war they were able to spend money on items.

Changing Skyline  After the war skyscrapers began to pop up throughout Chicago.  Two of the most famous are the John Hancock Center(1969) and Sears Tower(1974).  The two buildings were designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM).

More Racial Tension  After the war African Americans once again lost their jobs to white soldiers returning home.  There was still prejudice going on between the races African American did not have the Jim Crow laws like the south.  By 1960 over 800,000 African American were living in Chicago but they among the poorest and lived in the worse conditions.

Racial Tensions  By 1960 over 800,000 African American were living in Chicago but they among the poorest and lived in the worse conditions.  To cope with the problem the Chicago Housing Authority built low income properties for the African Americans.  Schools in African American communities were very poor.

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Comes to Chicago  Dr. King comes to Chicago to help the civil rights movement.  King will moved to Chicago to show how bad conditions were for African American.  Not much change is done.  Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. will be killed on April 4, 1968.

Daley is elected Mayor  He will hold office from 1955 until his death in  He will be know for his political machine. He will give jobs to his friend or people that he is indebted to.  Daley will have many projects including the Dan Ryan Express way and the University of Illinois at Chicago.

After Daley  There will be several mayors including  Michael Bilandic  Jane Byrne- the first female in 1979  Harold Washington is the first African American in 1983  David Orr as interim mayor  Eugene Sawyer  Richard M. Dailey mayor

Millennium Park  Was finished in2004 with some problems, but most people enjoying.  The final price was around $475 and behind schedule it fits in to the city.