Notes 11-1 Pressure. What Is Pressure? The amount of pressure you exert depends on the area over which you exert a force.

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Presentation transcript:

Notes 11-1 Pressure

What Is Pressure? The amount of pressure you exert depends on the area over which you exert a force.

Calculating Pressure Pressure = ForceArea = Length x Width Area Units: Force- Newton (N) Area-square meters (m 2 ) Pressure- Pascal (Pa)

Area The area of a surface is the number of square units that it covers. To find the area of a rectangle, multiply its length by its width. The area of the rectangle below is 2 cm X 3 cm, or 6 cm 2.

Area Practice Problem Which has a greater area: a rectangle that is 4 cm X 20 cm or a square that is 10 cm X 10 cm? The square has the greater area. 4 cm X 20 cm = 80 cm 2 10 cm X 10 cm = 100 cm 2

Fluids A material that can easily flow. Examples? Liquids Gases Tiny particles are constantly moving and colliding with surfaces, which exerts forces on the surfaces.

Fluid Pressure All of the forces exerted by the individual particles in a fluid combine to make up the pressure exerted by the fluid.

Air Pressure Right now, there is approximately 100 km of fluid on top of you… AIR! The weight of the air exerts a force which causes air pressure or atmospheric pressure. Why are you not crushed by these fluids? The forces are exerted from all directions so they are balanced.

Variations in Fluid Pressure As your elevation increases, atmospheric pressure decreases.

Variations in Fluid Pressure Water pressure increases as depth increases.

Measuring Pressure You can measure atmospheric pressure with a barometer Meteorologists use barometers to measure pressure to help forecast the weather Decrease in pressure = storm

Air Pressure and Altitude