B7 – Blood, circulation and tissue fluid 5 a day revision Explain the role of valves in the heart for controlling blood flow. List the components of blood and state the role of each component. What is meant by a double circulatory system? Why is the left side of the heart thicker? Explain how tissue fluid is formed in capillary beds and how it assists the exchange of chemicals by diffusion between capillaries and tissues. @aegilopoides

B7 – Skeletal system 5 a day revision Explain the difference between a tendon and a ligament. How do muscles make bones move? What is the function of the skeleton? What is meant by antagonistic muscle pairs? Describe the structure of a joint in the body and explain the function of each component part. @aegilopoides

B7 – Control of body temperature and blood sugar 5 a day revision Describe the response of the body when you are too cold. What is the optimum temperature for the human body and why does it need to be kept constant? Describe the response of the body when you are too hot. What is the difference between Type I and Type II diabetes? How are they treated? Explain the role of insulin in controlling blood sugar and explain what happens in patients suffering from diabetes. @aegilopoides

B7 – Exercise and fitness 5 a day revision Look at theinformation table – should any of these individuals be concerned? Calculate the BMI of each person in the table. What information would a fitness practitioner need before designing an exercise regime? What is the difference between accuracy and repeatability? Look at the information, should any of them be concerned? Suggest reasons why BMI may not be an accurate way of evaluating whether a person is overweight or underweight. Mark measures his recovery period following a standard exercise routine once per week for 8 weeks. The results are shown in the table. Mark concludes that his fitness has improved. Why do these data reduce confidence in the validity of this conclusion? @aegilopoides

5 a day revision What is the RICE method for treating sprains? B7 – Exercise and injury 5 a day revision What is the RICE method for treating sprains? What are the main symptoms of a sprain? State 4 common injuries associated with excessive exercise. Why is it important to comply with the treatment your physiotherapist gives you? Describe the role of a physiotherapist in the treatment of a skeletal-muscular injury. @aegilopoides

5 a day revision What is a perfect closed-loop system? B7 – Ecosystems 5 a day revision What is a perfect closed-loop system? Why are natural ecosystems examples of a closed-loop system. Give reasons for your answer. What is an ecosystem? How is vegetation beneficial to an ecosystem? Explain why some ecosystems are described as stable. Use the rainforest as an example to illustrate your answer. @aegilopoides

B7 – Human impacts on ecosystems 5 a day revision Explain why the use of crude oil does not fulfil the requirements of a closed loop system. Give 3 examples of human activities that can damage ecosystems. Give 2 impacts of soil erosion. Explain what is meant by bioaccumulation. Use of fertilisers in agriculture can lead to eutrophication of surrounding water ways. Describe and explain how the process of eutrophication happens. @aegilopoides

B7 – Managing ecosystems 5 a day revision Tensions sometimes exist between conserving a natural ecosystem and the needs of local people. Suggest why. Define sustainability. What ecosystem services do humans rely on? Describe how natural resources including fishing and timber can be made sustainable. Why is the sun’s energy sustainable? @aegilopoides

Define genetic modification. B7 – Microorganisms and genetic modification 5 a day revision Outline the steps in the process of genetic modification and give 2 applications. Define genetic modification. State 5 reasons that make bacteria ideal for use in industrial and genetic processes. Wheat can be genetically modified to be resistant to weed killer. This helps farmers to keep their crop free of weeds, maximise the yield and earn more profit. However, some people are opposed to this idea. They think it is morally wrong to alter the DNA of living things (“playing God”). Describe 2 other arguments against the genetic modification of wheat to be resistant to weed killer. One example of genetic modification is the production of golden rice. Golden rice has a gene inserted that produces vitamin A. White rice does not contain vitamin A. Countries with people who eat mainly white rice have high levels of blindness due to a lack of vitamin A. Suggest why people in these countries may be more in favour of the genetic modification of organisms than people who live in the UK. @aegilopoides

B7 – New technologies 5 a day revision Explain how nanotechnology can be used in food packaging. Why might heart valves need to be replaced? What is a genetic probe? Why can it only bind to a particular area of DNA? What are the advantages of using an artificial heart valve over a biological valve? Describe one current and one potential use of stem cell technology. Outline the stages in the use of DNA technology in genetic testing. @aegilopoides