ROCKET PROPULSION LECTURE 1: INTRODUCTION Propulsion 2011 1 Lecture 1 - INTRODUCTION.

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Presentation transcript:

ROCKET PROPULSION LECTURE 1: INTRODUCTION Propulsion Lecture 1 - INTRODUCTION

Contents Types of rockets engines Performance Measures Rocket selection guides Lecture 1 - INTRODUCTIONPropulsion

Types of engines rockets Thermal Gas pushes on walls by pressure forces Electrostatic Ions accelerated by electric field Electromagnetic Gas accelerated by electromagnetic field GAS ACCELERATION MECHANISM Chemical Solid propellant Liquid propellant Monopropellant Bipropellant Nuclear Thermal Electric Solar Thermal Electric ENERGY SOURCE High thrust Launch Fast space maneuvering Low thrust In-space maneuvers THRUST LEVEL (p.u. mass) Propulsion Lecture 1 - INTRODUCTION Types of rockets engines Performance measuresRocket selection guides

Performance measures Specific Impulse: ▫Chemical rockets ~ ( )sec ▫Electric thrusters ~ ( )sec Thermal efficiency: ▫Chemical rockets ~ 95% ▫Electric thrusters ~ % Lecture 1 - INTRODUCTIONPropulsion Types of engines rockets Performance measures Rocket selection guides

Performance measures Thrust/Weight (F/W) ▫Very large ~ (20 – 100)  chemical ▫Medium ~ (5 – 20)  nuclear ▫Very low ~ (10 -3 )  solar, electric propulsion, any with a limited use of power Other factors ▫Life (in terms of total impulse capacity) ▫Re-start capability ▫Throttleability ▫Dipersion ▫Cost Lecture 1 - INTRODUCTIONPropulsion Types of engines rockets Performance measures Rocket selection guides

Non-Space missions ▫Solid propellant, 1-4 stages or 1-2 stages ▫Solid or liquid propellant, 2-3 Launch to space ▫Solid, liquid or both, 2-4 stages Impulsive ΔV in space ▫Small solid propellant ▫Bi-propellant liquids ▫Monopropellant liquids Low-Thrust ΔV in space ▫Solar-Electric systems like Arcjets, Hall, Ion, PPT, nuclear-electric systems, direct- solar termal Lecture 1 - INTRODUCTIONPropulsion Types of engines rocketsPerformance measures Rocket selection guides

Bibliography , Rocket Propulsion. MARTINEZ-SANCHEZ, Manuel. Lecture 1 - INTRODUCTIONPropulsion