Ratifying the Constitution Chapter 11 Section 2 North Carolina in the American Experience by McDougal Littell

Section Objectives Analyze the debate between the Federalists and the Antifederalists and its resolution. Describe the election of George Washington to the presidency. Summarize the rights protected under the Bill of Rights. Examine the system of government created by the Constitution.

The Debate Continues Who were prominent Federalists and what did they want James Madison, John Jay, and Alexander Hamilton Wanted a new Constitution and believe the new govt. would provide a better balance between the national and state govt.. James Madison = Father of the Constitution Antifederalist Opposed the new Constitution fearing it would give the national government too much power. Wanted a bill of right to ensure individual freedoms Which states voted yes right away? PA, DE, CT, NJ, GA Which states were undecided? VA, NY, RI, and NC What did NC finally decide? James Iredell =Federalist Willie Jones = Antifederalist Aug 4 decided against ratifying the Constitution feared it would create to powerful of a central government. Summarize

The Constitution is Approved How many states ratified the Constitution initially? Nine states were required in order for the Constitution to go into effect. Delaware is the first to sign NC & RI decided to remain independent. If at first you don’t succeed …. 1789 - NC met in Fayetteville to reconsider. Nov 21, 1789 – NC ratified Constitution based on the consideration of a Bill of Rights. Did RI finally give in? May 1790 RI is the last to ratify the new Constitution Explain the meaning of the Preamble to the Constitution in your own words.

Order of Ratification State Ratified the Constitution For Against 1 Delaware Dec. 7, 1787 2 Pennsylvania Dec. 12 1787 43 23 3 New Jersey Dec. 18, 1787 4 Georgia Jan. 2, 1788 5 Connecticut Jan. 9, 1788 128 40 6 Massachusetts Feb. 6, 1788 187 168 7 Maryland Apr. 28, 1788 63 11 8 South Carolina May 23, 1788 149 73 9 New Hampshire Jun. 21, 1788 57 46 10 Virginia Jun. 26, 1788 89 79 New York Jul. 26, 1788 30 27 12 North Carolina Nov. 21, 1789 194 77 13 Rhode Island May 29, 1790 34 22

The first president takes office How was GW elected as the 1st prez? George Washington was elected by electors voted for by the states. GW took the oath in NY (the nation’s capital) on April 30, 1789. If NC and RI have not yet ratified the Constitution, how can they vote for the president?

The Bill of Rights is Added What is the Bill of Rights? The Bill of Rights were added in 1791 and consists of the first 10 Amendments What freedoms did the BoR guarantee? that protect the rights of citizens to include: freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom of the press, and the right to a trial by jury. What else does the BoR do? The BoR give all power to the states (people) not given to the federal government or denied to the states to by the Constitution. In your own words, explain why was the Bill of Rights so important?

The new government begins its work Explain and identify the 7 parts of the federal system. The seven parts of the federal are the 7 Articles of the Constitution which explain how the govt. should be setup and how to divide the powers. Article 1 Congress Explains how the members of Congress are chosen and lists the rules and powers. Article 2 Executive Includes president and vice president ensures laws are followed States the duties an powers of president and how the prz is elected Article 3 Judicial Decides if a law is constitutional Begins it term on the 1st Monday in October Appointed for life James Iredell (NC Federalist) appointed to the First Supreme Court by George Washington. Gave a dissenting statement which resulted in the 11th Amendment. States cannot sue another state in national court. Name some problems faced by the new govt.. threats of war, huge debts, new laws due to westward expansion. Foldable Fold a paper into thirds, write the 3 branches at the top and their duties below the title.

Vocabulary ratification – official approval Federalist – People who supported the ratification of the new Constitution 3. Antifederalist – People who opposed the new Constitution 4. domestic – relating to one’s own country 5. amendment – changes to the Constitution 6. Bill of Right – first 10 Amendments to the Constitution 7. federal system – power is divided between national and state government. 8. checks and balances- the balancing of power and the checking of one branch by another. dissenting – to differ in opinion Federalist Papers – series of essays written by John Jay, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton

The Three Branches of Government

Explain the process of checks and balances Executive Branch Judicial Branch Legislative Branch Executive Branch: May pardon people convicted of federal offences. Appoints federal judges May veto laws passed by Congress May call special session of Congress Judicial Branch May declare president’s actions unconstitutional May declare laws unconstitutional Legislative Branch May override president’s veto May refuse to approve treaty written by president May refuse to approve president’s appointments May remove a president from office if he or she is found guilty of wrongdoing. May overrule decisions of the courts by proposing constitutional amendments. May remove federal judge if he or she is found guilty of wrong doing.