“Evil” Quotation Reflection “If the devil doesn’t exist, but man has created him, he has created him in his own image and likeness” - Karamazov “Evil works by dehumanizing the ‘Other’” “Evil is charismatic.... Satan in Paradise Lost is so much more attractive, so much more interesting than God... the human mind romances the idea of evil” “Good has a way of boring people” T URN & T ALK : Which one of these quotations from the text resonates with you and why?

The Doppelgänger Def: A double, an identical replica of a person; alter ego doppel = “double” + ganger = “goer” in German The idea behind this is that everyone has a Doppelganger, an identical copy of themselves somewhere in the world. If the person is good, then the Doppelganger will be evil and vice versa. It is even said that if the two should meet, then they will both perish – The idea comes from ancient folklore.

The Doppelgänger The entire nineteenth century was often concerned with the concept of a ‘double self’ or ‘twin’, often referred to as a Doppelgänger. This 19 th century genre began with a story about a type of double, when Dr. Frankenstein created his monster in The Doppelgänger was a good excuse to explore a darker side of human nature. It has been argued that Hyde is Jekyll’s doppelgänger, which allows Jekyll to murder and steal without feeling guilty.

Gothic Literature Def: Genre in which the author emphasizes the grotesque, the mysterious, the horrible, and the fearful. Example: setting of most horror stories - old decaying mansions in a desolate countryside with cobwebs, bats, strange noises, smelly, dark (all sensory emotions are emphasized). All of this is done to give the reader a sense of the ghostly supernatural world.

Common Elements of Gothic Literature: Remote, unknown yet familiar location (setting) Emphasis of physical things to promote an eerie and ghostly atmosphere Characters are emotionally sensitive BUT maladjusted (usually in appearance) Creatures possess some sort of psychic communication Possibility of returning to life after one is dead

Important British Gothic Writers: Mary Shelley William Wordsworth Lord Byron Percy Byshe Shelley Robert Louis Stevenson