Transport Draw and label a diagram of the heart showing the four chambers, associated blood vessels, valves and the route of blood through the heart. Care should be taken to show the relative wall thickness of the four chambers. Neither the coronary vessels nor the conductive system are required State that the coronary arteries supply heart muscle with oxygen and nutrients Explain the action of the heart in terms of collecting blood, pumping blood, and opening and closing of valves. A basic understanding is required, limited to the collection of blood by the atria, which is then pumped out by the ventricles into the arteries. The direction of flow is controlled by atrio-ventricular and semi-lunar valves Outline the control of the heartbeat in terms of myogenic muscle contraction, the role of the pacemaker, nerves, the medulla of the brain and epinephrine (adrenaline). Histology of the heart muscle, names of nerves or transmitter substances are not required.

Eliciting prior knowledge: QUIZBUSTERS

The walls of the heart are made of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIUM) Only found in heart Never tires but can’t tolerate lack of O 2. Hold your hand in front of you and make a fist. Squeeze and relax. How long can you do this for?

Activity: Prior knowledge Drag the labels to the right place to complete the diagram and the key

6.2.1 Draw and label a diagram of the heart showing the four chambers, associated blood vessels, valves and the route of blood through the heart. Care should be taken to show the relative wall thickness of the four chambers. Neither the coronary vessels nor the conductive system are required.

Structure of the heart

What structure?

Blood flow through the heart

6.2.2 State that the coronary arteries supply heart muscle with oxygen and nutrients. The coronary arteries supply heart muscle with oxygen and nutrients Explain the action of the heart in terms of collecting blood, pumping blood, and opening and closing of valves. Summary: Atria collect blood from veins. Atria contract, atrioventricular valves open. Blood is pumped into ventricles. Ventricle contracts, atrioventricular valves close and semilunar valves open. Blood is pumped into arteries, semilunar valves close. Cycle repeats. A basic understanding is required, limited to the collection of blood by the atria, which is then pumped out by the ventricles into the arteries. The direction of flow is controlled by atrio- ventricular and semilunar valves.

6.2.4 Outline the control of the heartbeat in terms of myogenic muscle contraction, the role of the pacemaker, nerves, the medulla of the brain and epinephrine (adrenaline). Histology of the heart muscle, names of nerves or transmitter substances are not required. Summary: 1.Heart muscle can contract by itself (myogenic muscle contraction). 2.Pacemaker initiates contractions (The pacemaker is a group of cells in the wall of the right atrium that sends out electrical impulses to initiate contraction) 3.One nerve carries messages from the brain to the pacemaker to speed up the beating of the heart. 4.One nerve carries messages from the brain to the pacemaker to slow down the beating of the heart. 5.Adrenaline signals the pacemaker to increase the beating of the heart.