Lecture 1： Thermodynamics review

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Presentation transcript:

Lecture 1： Thermodynamics review Statistical Thermodynamics Lecture 1： Thermodynamics review Dr. Ronald M. Levy ronlevy@temple.edu

Statisitical Mechanics Chemical Physics: Statistical mechanics Chemical Physics: explain microscopic properties based on the properties of individual molecules and molecular interactions Statistical Mechanics: Statisitical Mechanics Microscopic Macroscopic Atom Molecule Thermodynamics Themodynamics: Mathematical relation between experimental properties of macroscopic systems volumetric thermal expansion coefficient Isothermic compressibility coefficient MQ. Chapter 1 1

The three laws of thermodynamics 2

Thermodynamic Potential: dE = dQ – dW = TdS – pdV E (S, V) The differential form of first law of thermodynamics dE = dQ – dW = TdS – pdV E (S, V) Independent Variable Thermodynamic Potential (S, V) Internal energy E (S, V) Helmholtz free energy (T, V) A (T, V) (T, p) G (T, p) Gibbs free energy (S, p) Enthalpy H (S, p) Done by Legendre transform 3

Legendre transformation Legendre Transforms: y(x) P1 = dy/dx @(x1,y1) Ψ2 (intercept) P2 = dy/dx @(x2,y2) Ψ1 y(x) Ψ(P) Relation between the tangent and the intercept at any point on the function How do we find the inverse Legendre transforms? 4

Application of Legendre transform Legendre transform 5

Maxwell Relations and Thermodynamic square: V S P T F G H E V P S T P S V T P S Symmetric means + S T P V T P Asymmetric means - G V S Gibbs free energy 1st Derivative Equation of state 2st Derivative Maxwell relations 6