Welcome back! Bellwork: December 2 In pigeons: …the allele B produces ash- red feathers. …the allele b produces blue feathers …the B allele is dominant to the b allele. 1. What could the genotype be for a pigeon with ash- red feathers? 2. What would the phenotype be for a pigeon whose genotype is “bb”? Yes, you need to copy the questions!

Science Fact of the Day: To avoid predators, a mother Slow Loris licks its offspring with poison before sending them off to search for food.

CHAMPs Highlights: Entering the room: –In seat & working on bellwork when the bell rings. While your teacher is talking: –You are listening—that means eyes are up and attention is on the teacher. During an activity/lab: –Attention is on the activity. Working with your group! Exiting the room: –Wait to pack up until the teacher has said to. NO ELECTRONICS…EVER.

Homework: “A Beginner’s Guide to Punnett Squares” Start the video at about 5 mins. Due Wednesday, Dec 4.

CO: I will predict genetic outcomes using dihybrid crosses. LO: I will write notes. I will practice predicting genetic outcomes with a partner.

Dihybrid Cross: a cross that shows the possible offspring for two traits Fur Color: B: Black b: White Coat Texture: R: Rough r: Smooth In this example, we will cross a heterozygous individual with another heterozygous individual. Their genotypes will be: BbRr x BbRr

Dihybrid Cross BbRr x BbRr Step 1: Find ALL possible gametes that can be made from each parent. Remember, each gamete must have one B and one R.

Dihybrid Cross BbRr x BbRr Possible gametes: BR Br bR br Step 2: Arrange all possible gametes for one parent on the top of your Punnett Square and the other parent on the side

Dihybrid Crosses: a cross that shows the possible offspring for two traits Fur Color: B: Black b: White Coat Texture: R: Rough r: Smooth BbRr x BbRr BR bR br bR Br BR br Br Step 3: Fill in the Punnett Square (find the possible genotypes of the offspring)

Dihybrid Crosses: a cross that shows the possible offspring for two traits Fur Color: B: Black b: White Coat Texture: R: Rough r: Smooth BbRr x BbRr BR bR br bR Br BR br Br BBRRBbRRBbRr BBRrBBrrBbRrBbrr BbRRBbRrbbRRbbRr BbRrBbrrbbRrbbrr BBRr

BR bR br bR Br BR br Br BBRRBbRRBbRr BBRrBBrrBbRrBbrr BbRRBbRrbbRRbbRr BbRrBbrrbbRrbbrr BBRr How many of the offspring would have a black, rough coat? How many of the offspring would have a black, smooth coat? How many of the offspring would have a white, rough coat? How many of the offspring would have a white, smooth coat? Fur Color: B: Black b: White Coat Texture: R: Rough r: Smooth

BR bR br bR Br BR br Br BBRRBbRRBbRr BBRrBBrrBbRrBbrr BbRRBbRrbbRRbbRr BbRrBbrrbbRrbbrr BBRr How many of the offspring would have black, rough coat? How many of the offspring would have a black, smooth coat? How many of the offspring would have a white, rough coat? How many of the offspring would have a white, smooth coat? Fur Color: B: Black b: White Coat Texture: R: Rough r: Smooth Phenotypic Ratio= 9:3:3:1

Practice in your notes… In pea plants, yellow seeds (Y) are dominant over green seeds (y), and rounded peas (R) are dominant over wrinkled peas (r). Cross (what do you have to draw?) a plant that is heterozygous for both traits with a plant that is homozygous recessive for both traits. Draw a Punnett square to show all possible offspring, and determine the genotypic and phenotypic ratios.

YyRr X yyrr YR yR yr Yr YyRryyRryyrr YyRrYyrryyRryyrr YyRrYyrryyRryyrr YyRrYyrryyRryyrr Yyrr

More Practice Work on the SpongeBob Dihybrid Cross worksheet. Turn it in at the end of class.

Mendelian Genetics Review Get with a partner. Walk around the room and answer the review questions with your partner. If you get all the answers correct, you will get 1 extra point on your quiz!

1.What is a genotype? The genes (letters) that determine a phenotype 2.A man is heterozygous for a trait. Will the dominant or recessive trait be expressed? Why? Dominant because dominant covers recessive 3.What does it mean if a woman is homozygous recessive? Using the letter “B,” write her genotype. Both of her genes are recessive (bb) 4.What is a phenotype? The physical characteristics of an organism

5.Long eyelashes (E) are dominant to short eyelashes (e). A heterozygous woman is crossed with a homozygous man. What is the percent chance their offspring will have short eyelashes? (Must draw a Punnett square) 0% (see board) 6.The offspring of two parents has a 100% chance of being homozygous recessive for blue eyes. If this is the case, what must the genotype be for both parents? bb 7.What does homozygous mean? Write an example. Homozygous means the same letters are present Ex. BB or bb

8.What does heterozygous mean? Write an example. That the genes are different Ex. Bb 9.What does it mean if a gene is expressed? The phenotype for that gene is seen (dominant) 10.What does a dihybrid cross show? Genetic possibilities for 2 traits 11.What was Mendel’s predicted genotypic ratio for a typical dihybrid cross? 9:3:3:1 12.Hazel eyes (H) are dominant to green eyes (h). A homozygous dominant man is crossed with a homozygous woman. What is the percent chance their offspring will have green eyes? (Must draw a Punnett square!) 100% (see board)