® TIA Wireless Discussions Jeffrey Schiffer 10/09/02

® Communication and Interconnect Technology Lab 2 Topics  Wi-Fi Overview  Flavors (a, b, g, e, h…………..)  Technical comparison  Spectrum, “get me more!!!”  Global Harmonization  Deployment  Barriers

® Communication and Interconnect Technology Lab 3 PAN vs. WLAN  PAN  “Private Data” Local to user  Short range (10 meters)  Examples: Bluetooth, UWB  WLAN  “Public Data” External to user  Medium range (100 meters)  Access to external data sources  Examples: b, g, a

® Communication and Interconnect Technology Lab 4 The 2.4 GHz Band  Services:  Bluetooth: PAN, 1 Mbps, Master/slave, piconet  b: WLAN, up to 11 Mbps, AP or Peer-to-Peer  Interferers: Microwave ovens, cordless phones, etc.  Worldwide:  Harmonized in ALL major geographies (both freq. & pwr)

® Communication and Interconnect Technology Lab 5 The 5.x GHz Band  Services:  a: WLAN, up to 54 Mbps, AP based Peer-to-Peer optional  Hiperlan 1: WLAN, up to 23 Mbps, AP based  Worldwide:  NOT Harmonized. Different power levels for different frequency bands, different spreading requirements for different bands, different operating bands different countries Lack of Harmonization is a Barrier to Deployment

® Communication and Interconnect Technology Lab 6 IEEE Activities  a: PHY based on OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) technology (5.x GHz)  b: Based on DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) technology (2.4 GHz)  g: Based on OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) technology (2.4 GHz) [1H’03?]

® Communication and Interconnect Technology Lab 7 Standards: All Lined Up a 5GH OFDM, 54Mbps b 2.4GHz CCK, 11Mbps c Bridging tables dInternationalroaming802.11e Quality of Service g 2.4GHz CCK or OFDM, 54Mbps h European regulatory extensions i Improved security f Inter-access point protocols Standards

® Communication and Interconnect Technology Lab 8 Task Groups  Task Groups working on enhancements  TGe: QoS (Quality of Service). This is essential for future audio & video distribution. Greatly effected by TGi (content protection issues)  TGf: Inter access point protocol. Working to increase vendor interoperability (currently few features in AP work)  TGg: WLAN, up to 54 Mbps, AP or Peer-to-Peer  TGh: DFS (Dynamic Freq. Selection) & TPC (Transmit Power Control) enhancements to a. Focused on adding features to meet other country requirements. Necessary for products to operate in Europe  TGi: Security. New focus on: TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol), AES (Block cipher to replace WEP and RC4), 802.1x (authentication method, a standard for controlled port access)

® Communication and Interconnect Technology Lab 9 Technical Comparison Network Std IEEE b IEEE g IEEE a Access Method CSMA/CACSMA/CACSMA/CA Modulation CCK (8 complex chip spreading) 64-QAM-OFDM16-QAM-OFDMQPSK-OFDMBPSK-OFDM64-QAM-OFDM16-QAM-OFDMQPSK-OFDMBPSK-OFDM Data Rate 1, 2, 5.5, 11 Mbps 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54 Mbps Freq. Band 2.4 – GHz – – – GHz Channelization 25/30 MHz spacing 3 Channels 25/30 MHz spacing 3 Channels 20 MHz spacing

® Communication and Interconnect Technology Lab 10 Spectrum Issues  Current policy is based on ’30’s technology, single user little local reuse  ISM spectrum is shared between many services, (bands are VERY crowded), different access methods might be required for efficient frequency reuse.  Different regulations for “indoors vs. outdoors” use, NOT practical with today’s mobile clients  Harmonization, regulators need to shift from parochial view to global perspective (when I travel I do not want to operate illegally, 5 GHz issue)

® Communication and Interconnect Technology Lab 11 Spectrum Issues cont’d  More spectrum driven from harmonization perspective. Additional band under discussion 5.47 – GHz  High-Tech, including Intel and MS, are advocating more spectrum at 5 GHz (ala WECA petition).  We also support the FCC imposed etiquette at 5 GHz, ( TPC and DFS). The EU requires them already and getting additional spectrum from DOD in U.S. will require DFS.  A concern at this point is that the FCC technical requirements beyond TPC and DFS are not defined.

® Communication and Interconnect Technology Lab 12 Deployment Issues  Global spectrum harmonization – What does the user do? Forces manufacturers to create many “skews” of product  Universal billing method – Roaming model similar to cell phones  Roaming between systems/services – Switching from WLAN to telecommunications infrastructure, etc.  Ease of use – connection establishment, hand-off, security, etc.  User education – Capabilities of systems, network options, system operation  SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) health/safety testing issues. This effects multiple solutions in a single system