Unit 2: Metabolic Processes Metabolism and Energy

Metabolism RRefers to all chemical reactions that happen in the cell RCatabolism: the process of breaking down compounds into smaller molecules RAnabolism: The process of using energy to build up large molecules from smaller molecules RRefers to all chemical reactions that happen in the cell RCatabolism: the process of breaking down compounds into smaller molecules RAnabolism: The process of using energy to build up large molecules from smaller molecules

Energy RDefined as the capacity to do work RKinetic Energy: energy of motion RPotential Energy: is stored energy or energy that is there, but not released yet. RBond Energy: the energy required to break (or form) a chemical bond RThe energy released from chemical reactions in a lab is usually in the form of thermal energy (heat) RThe energy released from reactions in living things can include thermal energy, movement of compounds across a membrane, muscle contraction, etc. RDefined as the capacity to do work RKinetic Energy: energy of motion RPotential Energy: is stored energy or energy that is there, but not released yet. RBond Energy: the energy required to break (or form) a chemical bond RThe energy released from chemical reactions in a lab is usually in the form of thermal energy (heat) RThe energy released from reactions in living things can include thermal energy, movement of compounds across a membrane, muscle contraction, etc.

Thermodynamics RThe study of the transfer and transformation of thermal energy RThe First Law of Thermodynamics: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be transformed from one type into another and transferred from one object to another. RChemical energy stored in food you ate will be transferred into kinetic energy to help you go jogging RThe Second Law of Thermodynamics: During any process, the universe trends toward disorder. REntropy is a measure of disorder REnergy transformations happen spontaneously to convert matter from a more ordered/less stable to a less ordered/more stable condition RThe study of the transfer and transformation of thermal energy RThe First Law of Thermodynamics: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be transformed from one type into another and transferred from one object to another. RChemical energy stored in food you ate will be transferred into kinetic energy to help you go jogging RThe Second Law of Thermodynamics: During any process, the universe trends toward disorder. REntropy is a measure of disorder REnergy transformations happen spontaneously to convert matter from a more ordered/less stable to a less ordered/more stable condition

Reactions REndergonic: chemical reaction that requires energy RExergonic: chemical reaction that gives off or releases energy REndergonic: chemical reaction that requires energy RExergonic: chemical reaction that gives off or releases energy