1 Types of Reactions I. Just about every reaction can be classified as one of the following: A. A synthesis reaction is when two or more pure substances bond together to make one new more complex compound. 1. A + B AB 2. 2 Na 2 NaCl wishttp://jchemed.chem. wis11c.edu/JCESoft/ CCA/CCA0/Movies/N ACL1.htmlc.edu/JCESoft/ CCA/CCA0/Movies/N ACL1.html + Cl 2

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3 A. A synthesis reaction is when two or more pure substances bond together to make one new more complex compound. 1. A + B AB 2. 2 Na 2 NaCl wisc.edu/JCESoft/C CA/CCA0/Movies/NA CL1.html + Cl 2

4 A. A synthesis reaction is when two or more pure substances bond together to make one new more complex compound Al 2 AlBr Br 2 cci/medialib/media_portfolio/t ext_images/012_FORMALU MBRO.MOV

5 wisc.edu/JCESoft/C CA/samples/ca3NI3. html B. Decomposition reactions are when compounds break down into two or more products. A + B 1. AB 2. 2 NI 3 N2 N2 + 3 l 2

6 C. If electricity is sent through a substance to cause a decomposition reaction, it is called electrolysis. D. One of the most familiar types of reactions occurs when compounds react exothermically with oxygen - combustion!

7 E. If the atoms of one element take the place of atoms of another element in a compound, it is called a single displacement reaction. 1. A + BX A X + B 2. 2 Mg u/JCESoft/CC A/CCA0/MOVI ES/MAGCO2. html + CO 2 2 MgO +C

8 F. Double displacement reactions occur when the elements in two compounds switch partners. 1. AX + BY AY + BX 2. NaOH u/JCESoft/CC A/CCA0/MOVI ES/AGNONA OH.html + AgNO 3 NaNO 3 + AgOH

9 F. Double displacement reactions occur when the elements in two compounds switch partners. 1. AX + BY AY + BX 2. NaOH u/JCESoft/CC A/CCA0/MOVI ES/AGNONA OH.html + AgNO 3 NaNO 3 + AgOH

10 F. Double displacement reactions occur when the elements in two compounds switch partners. 2. NaOH + AgNO 3 NaNO 3 + AgOH u/JCESoft/CC A/CCA0/MOVI ES/AGNONA OH.html

11 + AgNO 3 NO 3 F. Double displacement reactions occur when the elements in two compounds switch partners. 2. NaOH + OHAgNa 3. NaOH + HCl + OHClHNa

12 reduction G. Reduction reactions happen when electrons are gained by an element. Oxidation reactions occur when electrons are lost by an element. 1. Whenever one element is reduced, another is oxidized. 2. Since both reactions happen at the same time, we call the total reaction a reductioreductireductreducreduredred-oxidationoxidatiooxidatioxidatoxidaoxidoxioxreaction. 3. A reaction can be both a redox reaction and one of the previous types at the same time.

13 G. Reduction reactions happen when electrons are gained by an element. Oxidation reactions occur when electrons are lost by an element Na + 2 HOH 2 NaOH + H 2 ( 2 Na OH - + H 2 )

14 G. Reduction reactions happen when electrons are gained by an element. Oxidation reactions occur when electrons are lost by an element Na + 2 HOH 2 NaOH + H 2 ( 2 Na OH - + H 2 )

15 H. Free radicals are non-metal atoms with incomplete energy levels. 1. These are highly reactive atoms searching for another electron wherever they can find it! 2. They form covalent bonds with just about any non-metal that they can find. 3. Remember our 2 Fluorine atoms (ie. radicals).

16 H. Free radicals are non-metal atoms with incomplete energy levels. 1. These are highly reactive atoms searching for another electron wherever they can find it! 2. They form covalent bonds with just about any non-metal that they can find. 3. Remember our 2 Fluorine atoms (ie. radicals).