Changes of State Objectives:

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Phase Changes Matter can change from one form to another. As this occurs, energy also changes.

Advertisements

A-B = Solid ice, temperature is increasing. Particles gain kinetic energy, vibration of particles increases. Heating and cooling curve for water heated.

Solid phase (s): Strong attractive forces hold particles in fixed location. Regular definite geometric shape; crystalline Liquid phase (l): Particles have.

Ch. 16: Energy and Chemical Change

Clausius – Clapeyron Equation This equation is a relation between  H vap and pressure at a certain Temperature.

What is a Phase? A phase is a homogeneous, physically distinct, and mechanically separable portion of matter. It is uniform throughout, both in chemical.

Phase Changes There are six main state changes They are all physical changes! The identity of the substance stays the same!

CHANGES OF STATE Design: Metro Color: Office 10.4.

 MOLAR HEAT: it is the enthalpy changes(ΔH) for 1 mole of substance to change a state.  Molar Heat of Fusion (ΔH fus ): the amount of heat absorbed.

Aim: How to measure energy absorbed during a phase change

∆H = H final - H initial The stoichiometric coefficients in thermochemical equations must be interpreted as numbers of moles. 1 mol of C 5 H 12 reacts.

Heat in Changes of State

What are the three common states of matter? Solid, plasma, liquid Liquid, Gas, Plasma Solid, Liquid, Gas None of the above.

Phase Changes Section 17.3 in YOUR book.

Phase Changes Chapter 11. Vaporization An endothermic process in which the intermolecular attractions of a liquid are broken releasing molecules as a.

Phase Changes. solidliquidgas melting freezing vaporizing condensing sublimination endothermic exothermic.

Chapter 17 Thermochemistry 17.3 Heat in Changes of State

1 PHASE CHANGES: Chap. 13: Day 4 Heat of Fusion Heat of Vaporization Phase Diagrams.

NOTES: 17.3 – Heat in Changes of State. RECALL… ● when a substance changes state (i.e. melts, freezes, vaporizes, condenses) it does not change temperature.

Heat: Phase Change. 'change of phase' 'change of state'. The term 'change of phase' means the same thing as the term 'change of state'. o These changes.

Heat in Changes of State

Heat & Changes of State. Changes of State Solid to liquid Solid to liquid Liquid to solid Liquid to solid Liquid to gas Liquid to gas Gas to liquid Gas.

TO LIVE IS THE RAREST THING IN THE WORLD. MOST JUST EXIST. THAT IS ALL.

Phase Changes and Thermochemistry

2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt 2pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt Define States of Matter Heating Curve.

:. Definition 1 The energy the object has due to its motion.

Science project By: Joe Brinckwirth and Shannon Swiney.

Physical Science Mr. Moss RHS.  When 2 states are present at the same time, we describe each as a phase.  Here, we see 2 phases of water: ◦ Solid Phase.

Heat in Changes of State. Energy Changes Accompanying Phase Changes Solid Liquid Gas Melting Freezing Deposition CondensationVaporization Sublimation.

Courtesy: labinitio.com. Vaporization or evaporation: molecules of a liquid escaping the liquid’s surface and forming a gas. Vaporization is endothermic.

Thermochemistry Energy in State Changes. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Heats of Fusion and Solidification.

CHANGES OF STATE & HEAT OF SOLUTION Chemistry. Changes in States.

Solid phase (s): Strong attractive forces hold particles in fixed location. Regular definite geometric shape; crystalline Liquid phase (l): Particles have.

Aim: How to measure the amount of heat released during a phase change

Chapter 3 – States of Matter

Phase Change Problems.

Section 3.3 Phase Changes.

Thermochemical Calculations

Energy and Phase Changes. Energy Requirements for State Changes To change the state of matter, energy must be added or removed.

3.3 Phase Changes What are six common phase changes?

I. States of Matter –Kinetic Molecular Theory –States of Matter.

Phase Changes.  A PHASE CHANGE is a reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another  The temperature.

Phase Diagrams CHEM HONORS. Kinetic Theory of Matter Kinetic Theory of Matter: molecules are always moving Measure kinetic energy with a thermometer known.

Chapter 11 Thermochemistry- Heat and Chemical Change 11.3 Heat and changes of state.

Aim: How to measure energy absorbed during a phase change DO NOW: 1. A g piece of iron absorbs joules of heat energy, and its temperature.

Energy!. Energy What do you feel like when you have no energy? What do you really not want to do? –Being lazy and doing no work! Energy: The ability to.

1 OBJECTIVES: –Classify, by type, the heat changes that occur during melting, freezing, boiling, and condensing. –Calculate heat changes that occur during.

Phase Changes Notes 3.3.

PHASE CHANGES Each state of matter is called a PHASE

definite volume definite shape regular geometric pattern

Is the process by which the substance changes from solid to liquid.

Heat In Changes of State of Matter

Heating Curves & Phase Change Diagrams

Thermochemical Calculations

CHANGES OF STATE.

Changes of State Chapter 3 Section 3.

Phase Changes, Heat of Fusion, and Heat of Vaporization

Adv: Announcements Turn in Review, Take Quest

Heating Curves & Phase Change Diagrams

Chapter 13 Phase Changes Notes #8b.

Solid phase (s): Strong attractive forces hold particles in fixed location. Regular definite geometric shape; crystalline Liquid phase.

States of Matter & Energy

Heating Curves Phase changes & Energy.

Phase Changes and Heating Curve of Water

Presentation transcript:

Changes of State Objectives: 1. Relate changes in state to changes in energy. 2. Compare the different states of matter in terms of potential and kinetic energy 3. Describe the major events that occur along a heating curve. 4. Interpret a phase diagram. Key Terms: Vaporization, condensation, evaporation, equilibrium, vapor pressure, boiling point, heat of vaporization, freezing point, heat of fusion, sublimation, deposition, heating curve, phase diagram

Energy and Phase Changes According to the kinetic-molecular theory, a substances phase is determined by the balance of its kinetic and intermolecular forces. What this means is that you can convert matter from one phase to another by simply adding or deleting kinetic energy (heat).

Changes in State liquid to gas - vaporization, by process of evaporation solid to gas - sublimation liquid to solid - freezing solid to liquid - melting gas to liquid - condensation gas to solid – deposition triple point – where all phases are in equilibrium

Heating Curve The heating curve is a representation of the phases of a substance compared to the temperature and internal energy of a substance. The blue lines represent the different phases of a substance while the red lines represent the heats of fusion and vaporization. endothermic reactions move from left to right as the products increase in kinetic energy and become less organized

Heat Associated with Phase Changes Heat of fusion (DHfus) - the amount of heat absorbed as 1 mole of a substance melts occurs between B & C endothermic occurs at constant temperature H2O(s) g H2O(l) DHfus = 6.01kJ/mol Heat of solidification (DHsolid) - the amount of heat released as 1 mole of a substance solidifies exothermic H2O(l) g H2O(s) DHsolid = -6.01kJ/mol Heat of vaporization (DHvap) - the amount of heat absorbed as 1 mole of a substance solidifies occurs between D & E H2O(l) g H2O(g) DHvap = 40.7kJ/mol Heat of condensation (DHcond) - the amount of heat released as 1 mole of a substance solidifies H2O(g) g H2O(l) DHcond = -40.7kJ/mol

Heat of Solution Heat of solution (DHsol) - the amount of heat absorbed or released as 1 mole of a substance dissolves in 1L of solution exothermic or endothermic NaOH(s) g Na+(aq) + OH-(aq) DHsol = -445.1kJ/mol NH4NO3(s) g NH4+(aq) + NO3-(aq) DHsol = 25.7kJ/mol