ANNELIDA…The EARTHWORM! Phylum - Class - Family - Genus - Species - Annelida Oligochaeta Lumbricidae Lumbricus terrestris

Part Prostromium Mouth Brain Pharynx Esophagus Hearts Seminal receptacle Seminal vesicles Function Digs dirt Food enters here Sends/receives nerve messages Pushes food along Brings food to intestine Pumps blood Holds sperm from another worm Makes sperm System Digestive Digestive Nervous Digestive Digestive Circulatory Reproductive Reproductive

Part Crop Gizzard Kidney Intestine Dorsal Blood Vessel Ventral Blood Vessel Ventral Nerve Clitellum Ovaries Function Stores food Grinding food Filters blood (wastes) Absorbs food into blood (long) Brings blood forward Blood to posterior Connects brain to body Band making slime to hold eggs Make eggs System Digestive Digestive Circulatory Digestive Circulatory Circulatory Nervous Reproductive Reproductive

Part Setae Cuticle Nephridium Function Bristles for hold in burrow Skin-used to breathe (water) Removes Liquid Waste System Movement Respiration Excretory

Sugar maple forest before earthworm invasion After earthworm invasion

3 ecological groups of earthworms Epigeic example: Lumbricus rubellus (leaf worms) Endogeic example: Aporrectode a caliginosa (angle worms) Anecic : Lumbricus terrestris nightcrawlers

7 Body Structure: Coelom

Phylum Annelida 8 Digestive System

Phylum Annelida 10 Circulatory System  Continuous network of vessels; 5 muscular aortic arches  Dorsal blood-Aortic Arches-Ventral blood  Blood contains hemoglobin, which increases oxygen carrying ability

Phylum Annelida 12 Excretory & Nervous System Nervous system

Phylum Annelida 13 Reproduction Hermaphrodites Eggs are produced when two earthworms inseminate each other during mating. There are two male openings, and two pairs of small sacs, the sperm receptacles. During mating, these receive sperm from the other partner. The eggs, formed in a pair of ovaries, are released from the oviducts into one of two tiny pores

Reproduction continued Fertilization can be internal or external Breeding is usually seasonal (spring or fall) Mating occurs usually when the ground is wet following rain. Earthworms may emerge and travel over the surface of the ground before they mate

Reproduction continued…. The two worms join the lower surfaces of their anterior ends, with heads pointing in opposite directions. Mucous is secreted until each worm is enclosed in a tube of slime. The worms then separate and egg-laying and fertilization occur later. Egg-laying starts when the gland cells of the clitellum secrete a mucous ring that is moved forward over the body of the worm

Reproduction continued….

A Worm is Born Egg cocoons are deposited in the soil. The fertilized eggs develop directly into young worms, which then escape through the egg membrane and an Annelid is born!

Worm Anatomy

External Anatomy:

Internal Anatomy

 Please have your Earthworm colorfun and lab on your desk

EXTERNAL  Dorsal  Anterior  Mouth  Ventral  Posterior  Clitellum  Setae INTERNAL Pharynx Esophagus Crop Gizzard Intestine Dorsal BV Aortic arches Ventral BV Seminal vesicles Ventral nerve cord

 Review your colorfun and be ready to dissect tomorrow!