Chapter 4 The Exponential and Natural Logarithm Functions.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 4 The Exponential and Natural Logarithm Functions

§ 4.1 Exponential Functions

Exponential Function DefinitionExample Exponential Function: A function whose exponent is the independent variable

Properties of Exponential Functions

Graphs of Exponential Functions Notice that, no matter what b is (except 1), the graph of y = b x has a y-intercept of 1. Also, if 0 1, then the function is increasing.

Solving Exponential EquationsEXAMPLE Solve the following equation for x.

§ 4.2 The Exponential Function e x

The Number e DefinitionExample e: An irrational number, approximately equal to , such that the function f (x) = b x has a slope of 1, at x = 0, when b = e

The Derivatives of a x and e x (a x )’ = a x Lna Example

§ 4.3 Differentiation of Exponential Functions

Chain Rule for e g ( x )

EXAMPLE Differentiate.

§ 4.4 The Natural Logarithm Function

The Natural Logarithm of x DefinitionExample Natural logarithm of x: Given the graph of y = e x, the reflection of that graph about the line y = x, denoted y = ln x

Properties of the Natural Logarithm

§ 4.5 The Derivative of ln x

Derivative Rules for Natural Logarithms

Differentiating Logarithmic ExpressionsEXAMPLE Differentiate.

Differentiating Logarithmic ExpressionsEXAMPLE The function has a relative extreme point for x > 0. Find the coordinates of the point. Is it a relative maximum point?