Bell Work: 9/19/14 What are two things that you know about minerals and two things you want to know about minerals?

Why? Engineers use rocks and minerals to create technologies. Minerals are all around us — in our kitchens and bathrooms and in our cars and bicycles. Inquiry (problem solving) is used in identifying minerals and most importantly in identifying how we can reduce the effects of mining on our Earth. Another field of work that deals with minerals is forensic geology. Forensic Geology is used in criminal identification and crime scene investigations, to forensic toxicology and the study of poisons.

Objectives SPI Use a table of physical properties to classify minerals. ◦ What is a mineral? ◦ Identification of minerals

14. What is a Mineral? pg Observe the photo on pgs. 334 & 335 in your textbook. Read the caption titled, “About the Photo.” Answer the following questions: ◦ What is a mineral? ◦ What does the caption tell you about minerals?

What is a mineral? A _________is a naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a definite crystalline structure. ◦ naturally ◦ inorganic ◦ solid ◦ crystalline (structure) mineral

Mineral Structure By answering these four questions, you can tell whether an object is a mineral: 1._________________ A mineral is inorganic, meaning it isn’t make of living things. 2.__________Minerals can’t be gases or liquids. 3.___________________________Minerals are crystals, which have a repeating inner structure that is often reflected in the shape of a crystal. 4.________________ Crystalline materials made by people aren’t classified as minerals. Is it nonliving material?- Is it a solid?- Does it have a crystalline structure?- Is it formed in nature?-

Identifying Minerals The following pictures are in your group: wood, fossil, bone, granite, quartz crystal Observe the pictures and determine which ones are minerals by using the four questions. Write down the names of each item and “yes” if it is a mineral and “no” if it is not a mineral.

Mineral Structure _________ are pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances. All minerals contain one or more of the 92 naturally occurring elements. Elements Check this out!

Atoms and Compounds Each element is made of only one kind of _______. An atom is the _________ part of an element that has all the properties of that element. Some properties of aluminum are: shiny, silver colored, fragile, and thin. Each element has its own type of properties. Most minerals are made of __________ of several different elements. A compound is a substance made of ___ or more elements that have been chemically joined or ____________. atom smallest compounds two bonded ( by heat)

A Carrot The smallest particles of matter are called atoms. Let’s take a carrot for example. If you continue to chop a carrot into smaller and smaller pieces, eventually you would reach a point where you could not cut up the carrot anymore, but still have carrot. You would then have molecules of carrot. The same applies to elements. If you continually cut up a piece of aluminum, you will reach a point that you could no longer divide it. These are aluminum atoms.

AtomsElements Compounds (Minerals)

Crystals Solid, geometric forms of minerals produced by a repeating pattern of atoms or molecules that is present throughout the mineral are called ________. A crystal’s shape is determined by the arrangement of the atoms within the crystal. crystals

This microscope provides atomically- resolved topographic images of crystalline surfaces A Scanning Tunneling Microscope at the University of Maryland. Image of a gold surface using scanning tunneling microscopy.

Two Groups of Minerals Silicate minerals are minerals that contain a combination of silicon, oxygen, and one or more metals. Nonsilicate minerals are minerals that do not contain a combination of silicon and oxygen. There are six main classes of nonsilicate minerals.

Two Groups of Minerals Use Figures 4 & 5 on pages to take notes on the two mineral groups. Using a T-chart, include a definition, one fact, and three examples with descriptions. Silicate Minerals Non-silicate Minerals (Definition) (1 Fact) (3 Examples with descriptions)

Exit Ticket Chapter 13, section 1 pg. 339 # 2-4