America: Pathways to the Present Section 1: The Origins of Progressivism Section 2: Progressive Legislation Section 3: Progressivism Under Taft and Wilson Section 4: Suffrage at Last Chapter 18: The Progressive Reform Era (1890–1920)

 George Washington; Federalist (1788)  John Adams; Federalist (1796)  Thomas Jefferson (1800)  James Madison (1808)  James Monroe (1816)  John Quincy Adams (1824)  Andrew Jackson; Democrat (1828)  Martin Van Buren; Democrat (1836)  William Henry Harrison; Whig (1840)  John Tyler; Whig (1841) #21 - …  Chester A. Arthur; Republican (1881)  Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1884)  Benjamin Harrison; Republican (1888)  Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1892)  William McKinley; Republican (1896)  Theodore Roosevelt; Republican (1901) #  James K. Polk; Democrat (1844)  Zachary Taylor; Whig (1848)  Millard Fillmore; Whig (1850)  Franklin Pierce; Democrat (1852)  James Buchanan; Democrat (1856)  Abraham Lincoln; Republican (1860)  Andrew Johnson; Democrat (1865)  Ulysses S. Grant; Republican (1868)  Rutherford B. Hayes; Republican (1876)  James Garfield; Republican (1880)

 CORE OBJECTIVE: Describe the intent and impact of the Progressive Era.  Objective 2.1: What were the key goals of Progressives?  THEME: Reform minded citizens, called Progressives, hope to change American society for the better at the turn of the 20 th Century

CHAPTER 18 SECTION 1

 Rapid industrialization, immigration, and urbanization in the late 1800s led to national growth and prosperity.  The rapid growth also caused poverty, unemployment, deplorable working conditions and political corruption.  PROGRESSIVES WANTED TO BRING PROGRESS TO SOCIETY THROUGH POLITICAL REFORM.  Many Progressives believed that political action and reform, not private charities, were the methods to bring about progress in society.  Historians call the period from about 1890–1920 the Progressive Era.

 Progressives were not a single unified movement. They fell into four categories: social, moral, economic, and political.  Some common basic beliefs were:  Government should be less corrupt & be held accountable  Government should curb the power of the wealthy  Government should be given expanded powers to improve the lives of its citizens.

 The ideas of many writers and journalists influenced public opinion about how to reform society.  Journalists, called muckrakers, investigated and publicized poor conditions in cities  Reported on industries, slums, tenement houses, and sweat shops.  Theodore Roosevelt called the journalists “muckrakers.”  Upton Sinclair, Lincoln Steffens, and Ida Tarbell were respected writers and muckrakers.  Who are they?:

 #1 - Labor  Unions fought for better working conditions.  Employers discouraged union membership.  Courts often issued injunctions, court orders prohibiting a certain activity, preventing workers from going on strike.  #2 - Socialists  The Progressive Era saw a rise in socialism.  Want more government control of business so income is distributed equally  American socialists hoped to use the ballot box, not revolution, to end the capitalist system and distribute wealth more equally.

 The National Consumers’ League (NCL) investigated how goods were made and sold.  They discouraged people from buying from shops that employed child labor.  All women’s groups agreed that women’s suffrage was an important cause.  Florence Kelley and Mother Jones worked to end child labor, limit working hours, and promote unions

Which of the following was a goal of the Progressives? (A)Government should be more accountable to its citizens. (B)Government should curb the power and influence of wealthy interests. (C)Government should be given expanded powers so that it can become more active in improving the lives of its citizens. (D)All of the above Which of the following was a Progressive reform organization? (A)The Labor movement (B)The Socialists (C)The National Consumers’ League (D)All of the above

Which of the following was a goal of the Progressives? (A)Government should be more accountable to its citizens. (B)Government should curb the power and influence of wealthy interests. (C)Government should be given expanded powers so that it can become more active in improving the lives of its citizens. (D)All of the above Which of the following was a Progressive reform organization? (A)The Labor movement (B)The Socialists (C)The National Consumers’ League (D)All of the above