ILC Physics a theorist’s perspective Koji TSUMURA (Kyoto from Dec 1 st ) Toku-sui annual workshop 2013 KEK, Dec , 2013

Plan of my talk STATUS Where are we? New Era of the SM What we need to do? Physics Beyond the SM Why? Where is it? ILC Physics What do we do? 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 2

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Status Where are we ? 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 4

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The Review of Particle Physics (2013) Mass determined 3 decay channels are seen NEW July /12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA CERN seminars on Nov. 26 & Dec. 3

New Results /12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA A fermionic decay channel (  ) is almost seen CERN seminars on Nov. 26 & Dec. 3

So far, so GOOD. 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 9

New Era of the SM started What we need ? 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 10

SM is successful EM: EW: QCD: Higgs: 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 11 Precision test

SM is successful EM: EW: QCD: Higgs: 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 12 Precision test W, Z W, Z, h, t, b New Physics

SM is successful EW: 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 13 W, Z t, b “ Deviation” in   Predict M t

SM is successful EW: 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 14 “ Deviation” in   Predict M h W, Z h

SM is successful EM: EW: QCD: Higgs: 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 15 Precision test

SM is successful EM: EW: QCD: Higgs: 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 16 Gauge forces are tested Gauge principle Unification of 3 forces ?

SM is successful EM: EW: QCD: Higgs: 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 17 Why not? Higgs force (Origin of mass)

Why Higgs? 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 18

“Energy Frontier” study for Snowmass 2013 Introduction the discovery of the Higgs boson has changed our viewpoint … 1 st, the Higgs boson completes the particle spectrum of the SM. It is clear now exactly what the model does not explain. 2 nd, one of the key mysteries concerns the Higgs boson itself. 3 rd, the Higgs boson itself give us a new experimental approach. 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 19 We are here !! This is a new tool to probe New Physics scale.

What is the SM ? Matter contents  quarks, lepton, Higgs (completed) Gauge symmetry  gluon, W, Z,  (tested) Renormalizability  loop corrections (tested) 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 20 All parameters are now fixed!!

Not yet Tested !! 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 21 What is the origin of mass ? Higgs mechanism ? Fermion Mass hierarchy, mixing, CP violation ? Higgs mechanism Yukawa interaction Higgs self-interaction (New) non-Gauge force

Not yet Tested !! 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 22 What is the origin of mass ? Higgs mechanism ? Fermion Mass hierarchy, mixing, CP violation ? M. Peskin

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M h as an input 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 24 Uncertainty on M W from Global Fit is reduced to 15 MeV w/ M h. [ More precise than direct measurements (≈20MeV) !! ] Need further precision in  M W to discriminate two M. Baak

M t as an input 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 25 M. Baak

M t as an input 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 26 Need Theorist’s effort M. Baak

M t as an input 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 27 To be or not to be. Our vacuum may be unstable Unstable To confirm our safety, we need more accurate M t. G. Degrassi et.al.

Beyond the SM Why ? Where is it ? 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 28

What is the Beyond SM ? The SM is now completed. What is the mechanism for charge quantization ? Why does the strong interaction not break CP ? What is the correct theory of neutrino mass ? What is the mechanism that led to baryon asymmetry ? What is dark matter ? What is dark energy ? What was the mechanism of cosmic inflation? How are the four forces and matter unified ? How can gravity be quantized ? … 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 29 viXtra.org GUT? PQ sym.? Seesaw? Leptogenesis? EW baryogenesis? WIMP? Axion? Inflaton? String? Cosmological const.? TOE?

No Principle at all !! 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 30 Why  2 <0 ? Are there any underlying dynamics ? Fine-tuning  m h 2 ≈  2 ? Why is the Higgs so light ? Minimal Higgs sector ? Why does the nature choose one doublet ?

Dynamical Symmetry Breaking 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 31 Why  2 <0 ? Are there any underlying dynamics ? No reason!! Dynamics [ BCS theory for superconductors ] Attractive force  cooper-pair  symmetry breaking [ Chiral symmetry breaking ] QCD  qq condensate  symmetry breaking

EW Symmetry Breaking 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 32 Why  2 <0 ? Are there any underlying dynamics ? No reason!! Dynamics  2 <0 is induced from radiative corrections (dynamically) Supersymmetry

EW Symmetry Breaking 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 33 Why  2 <0 ? Are there any underlying dynamics ? No reason!! Dynamics  2 <0 is induced from radiative corrections (dynamically) Little Higgs, …

Is the Higgs mass natural ? 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 34 Fine-tuning  m h 2 ≈  2 ? Why is the Higgs so light ? Quantum corrections to the Higgs mass Unnatural (cancellation w/ counter terms)

Is the Higgs mass natural ? 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 35 Fine-tuning  m h 2 ≈  2 ? Why is the Higgs so light ? SUSY holds naturally light Higgs mass Supersymmetry

Is the Higgs mass natural ? 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 36 Fine-tuning  m h 2 ≈  2 ? Why is the Higgs so light ? Top partner holds naturally light Higgs mass Little Higgs, … There can be mixing with partners of Gauge bosons, top quarks. Precision EW and top studies are necessary.

Non-minimal Higgs sector ? Most likely to be a doublet, but possible mixing w/ other multiplets 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 37 Singlet Additional doublet Triplet … Septet … Additional Higgs bosons are introduced !! H, A, H +, H ++, … SM-like Higgs couplings deviate from SM Extended Gauge sym. Neutrino mass SUSY Not yet thought of

Non-minimal Higgs sector ? Most likely to be a doublet, but possible mixing w/ other multiplets 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 38 Additional Higgs bosons are introduced !! H, A, H +, H ++, … SM-like Higgs couplings deviate from SM At least 1 % precision for M>1TeV (M is a new Higgs scale) [ pre-factor: loop suppression, tan  enhancement, non-decoupling effect ] Singlet Additional doublet Triplet … Septet … M. Peskin (LCWS2013)

Model discrimination 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 39

So far, No New Physics. 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 40

SUSY confronts LHC data 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 41 Squark ≥ 1.8TeV Gluino ≥ 1.4TeV

Light or Heavy SUSY? 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 42 M. Nojiri Degenerate SUSY is still alive!! 4(2)GeV

New Physics Zoo 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 43 H. Murayama

ILC Physics 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 44

ILC Physics Precision Higgs/top/EW study Model independent determination of Higgs couplings (%-level) Invisible(exotic) Higgs decay / Total width Precise determination of M W (few MeV) Improvement of Triple Gauge coupling measurement Precise determination of M t (100 MeV) Precision measurement of top coupling (incl. rare decay) Improvement of  Giga-Z Higgs self-coupling measurement (experimental reconstruction of Higgs potential) Search for New Particles in LHC blind spots Light EW new particle (Higgsino, new Higgs, DM) Follow up any LHC 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 45 Any Deviations = New Physics

Summary Precision Higgs/top/EW study Model independent determination of Higgs couplings (%-level) Invisible(exotic) Higgs decay / Total width Precise determination of M W (few MeV) Improvement of Triple Gauge coupling measurement Precise determination of M t (100 MeV) Precision measurement of top coupling (incl. rare decay) Improvement of  Giga-Z Higgs self-coupling measurement (experimental reconstruction of Higgs potential) Search for New Particles in LHC blind spots Light EW new particle (Higgsino, new Higgs, DM) Follow up any LHC 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 46 Any Deviations = New Physics Tanabe Mori Kurata Horiguchi Watanuki Tomita Ishikawa Ono Kawada Calancha Tian

Summary 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 47

SummaryPlan of my talk STATUS Where are we? New Era of the SM What we need to do? Physics Beyond the SM Why? Where is it? ILC Physics What do we do? 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 48 A Higgs boson is confirmed. No New Physics, so far. Precision measurement of h, t, W/Z. (Direct search for New Physics). Indirect search for New Physics. Higgs forces are totally unknown !! SM is NOT satisfactory… (v, DM, DE, Baryogenesis, inflation, GUT, string,…) We don’t know the scale. Determination of New Scale is a key ILC.

Thank you for your attention 2013/12/11 ILC Toku-sui ann. WS 2013 Koji TSUMURA 49