Career Development  Life time process involving growth and experience  In relation to transition--  Must be based on student strengths, needs, preferences and interests  Must be sure that students have experiences to be able to identify preferences interests  ADA has increased options  In relation to transition--  Must be based on student strengths, needs, preferences and interests  Must be sure that students have experiences to be able to identify preferences interests  ADA has increased options

Factors Contributing to Unemployment for Persons with Disabilities  Discrimination  All aspects of life  Practical difficulties  Transportation  Communication  Limited access to “hidden job market”  Employers presumptions toward qualified applicants  Discrimination  All aspects of life  Practical difficulties  Transportation  Communication  Limited access to “hidden job market”  Employers presumptions toward qualified applicants

Outcomes  Twice as likely to drop out of school  Difficulties in independent living/relationship building  Less likely to enter into postsecondary education  Low wages  High rates of unemployment (whether they graduate or not)  Twice as likely to drop out of school  Difficulties in independent living/relationship building  Less likely to enter into postsecondary education  Low wages  High rates of unemployment (whether they graduate or not)

Stages of Career Development  Career awareness  Awareness of work; how the will fit into a work oriented society  Career exploration  Explore interests and abilities in relation to interests and abilities; including hands- on experiences  Career awareness  Awareness of work; how the will fit into a work oriented society  Career exploration  Explore interests and abilities in relation to interests and abilities; including hands- on experiences  Career preparation  Career decision making and skills acquisition by identifying specific interests and aptitudes  Career assimilation  Postschool movement into training/commu nity settings  Case study A & Case Study B  Career preparation  Career decision making and skills acquisition by identifying specific interests and aptitudes  Career assimilation  Postschool movement into training/commu nity settings  Case study A & Case Study B

Career Development  Career Development Definition  “lifelong process of getting ready to choose, choosing, and typically continuing to make choices from occupations in our society” (Brown & Books, 1984)  Career Development Definition  “lifelong process of getting ready to choose, choosing, and typically continuing to make choices from occupations in our society” (Brown & Books, 1984)  Combination of all life roles---  child, student, volunteer, worker, person of leisure, parent, teacher, mentor  ----that a person will assume at various stages of life (Wolffe, 1997)  Combination of all life roles---  child, student, volunteer, worker, person of leisure, parent, teacher, mentor  ----that a person will assume at various stages of life (Wolffe, 1997)

Career Development Theories  Occupational Choice  Assumes that a person will make one choice in early adulthood and remain in that career across his or her lifetime  Work Adjustment  Focuses on the work processes and tasks themselves and is slightly broader in its examination of related variable in a particular work setting  Career Development  Broadest in viewing multiple work and life factors  Occupational Choice  Assumes that a person will make one choice in early adulthood and remain in that career across his or her lifetime  Work Adjustment  Focuses on the work processes and tasks themselves and is slightly broader in its examination of related variable in a particular work setting  Career Development  Broadest in viewing multiple work and life factors

Developmental Theories  Lifespan divided into stages  Occupational choice as one aspect of person’s life  Career development--result of lifelong variables  Super--implementation of self- concepts that unfold across a lifetime (multiple roles)  Lifespan divided into stages  Occupational choice as one aspect of person’s life  Career development--result of lifelong variables  Super--implementation of self- concepts that unfold across a lifetime (multiple roles)

Developmental Theory  Theory would view person as assuming multiple life roles  Movement toward “career maturity”  Theory would view person as assuming multiple life roles  Movement toward “career maturity”

MN Work Adjustment Theory  Developed by Voc Rehab & the U of M  Focus on work behavior & work adjustment rather than occupational choice  Focus on “work personality”  Needs the worker expects to have filled  Specific abilities to perform required duties  Analysis of work place  Satisfaction (work conditions) & Satisfactoriness (meeting the work sites requirements)  Case Studies (p. 96 & 97)  Developed by Voc Rehab & the U of M  Focus on work behavior & work adjustment rather than occupational choice  Focus on “work personality”  Needs the worker expects to have filled  Specific abilities to perform required duties  Analysis of work place  Satisfaction (work conditions) & Satisfactoriness (meeting the work sites requirements)  Case Studies (p. 96 & 97)

Self-Determination Subcompetencies  Identifying physical & psychological needs  Identify interests and abilities  Identify emotions  Demonstrate Knowledge of physical self  Identifying physical & psychological needs  Identify interests and abilities  Identify emotions  Demonstrate Knowledge of physical self  Express feelings of self worth  Describe others’ perception of self  Accept & give praise  Develop confidence in oneself  Express feelings of self worth  Describe others’ perception of self  Accept & give praise  Develop confidence in oneself