Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall. Chapter 3 Fractions

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall. 3.1 Introduction to Fractions and Mixed Numbers

33 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall. Identifying Numerators and Denominators In a fraction, the top number is called the numerator and the bottom number is called the denominator. The bar between the numbers is called the fraction bar. NamesFractionMeaning Numerator number of parts being considered Denominator number of equal parts in the whole

44 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall. Example Write the fraction to represent the shaded part of the figure. In this figure, 4 out of the 7 equal parts are shaded. Thus the fraction is.

55 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall. Example Write the fraction to represent the shaded part of the diagram. In this diagram, 3 out of the 10 equal parts are shaded. Thus the fraction is.

66 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall. Example Draw a figure and then shade a part of it to represent the fraction. Since the denominator is 6, we divide the rectangle into 6 equal parts. Then we shade 5 of the equal parts.

77 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall. Identifying Proper Fractions, Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers Proper Fraction: A fraction whose numerator is less than its denominator. Numerator Denominator Improper Fraction: A fraction whose numerator is greater than or equal to its denominator.

88 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall. Examples Identify each number as a proper fraction, improper fraction, or mixed number. a. b. c. a proper fraction a mixed number an improper fraction

99 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall. Another way to visualize fractions is to graph them on a number line equal parts 3 Fractions on Number Lines

10 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall. If n is any integer other than 0, then If n is any integer, then Division Properties of 0 and 1

11 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall. If n is any integer other than 0, then If n is any integer, then Fraction Properties of 0

12 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall. Examples Simplify. a. b. c.