Social Culture’s Comparison England Россия

“Culture is the collective programming of the mind distinguishing the members of one group or category of people from others”

GLOBE Based on similarities in cultural values and beliefs, GLOBE researchers have divided the participating societies into the following cultural clusters; Anglo Cultures; England, Australia, South Africa (white sample), Canada, New Zealand, Ireland, United States Latin Europe; Italy, Portugal, Spain, France, Switzerland (French and Italian speaking)Nordic Europe; Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Norway Germanic Europe; German-Speaking Europe (Austria, German-speaking Switzerland, Germany), Dutch-Speaking Europe (Netherlands, Belgium and Dutch speaking France) Eastern Europe ; Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Serbia, Greece, Slovenia, Albania, Russia Latin America; Costa Rica, Venezuela, Ecuador, Mexico, El Salvador, Colombia, Guatemala, Bolivia, Brazil, Argentina Sub-Saharan Africa;Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, South Africa (black sample), Nigeria Arab Cultures; Algeria, Qatar, Morocco, Turkey, Egypt, Kuwait, Libya, Tunisia, Lebanon, Syria, Yemen, Jordan, Iraq, UAE, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Oman Southern Asia; India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Iran Confucian Asia; Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong, South Korea, China, Japan, Philippines, Vietnam The Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness Research Project

Hofstede’s Research For Differences Between Cultures and Nations Power Distance (PDI) Individualism versus Collectivism (IDV) Masculinity versus Femininity (MAS) Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI) Long-Term Orientation (LTO) Five Distinguishi ng features (Dimension s)

Power Distance Index (PDI) Cultures With Low PDICultures With High PDI 0 Low level of hierarchy 0 Superiors are expected to socialise with staff. 0 Empoyees expect to take part in decesion- making or to be asked for their opinions. 0 Tendency to delegate tasks and responsibilty. 0 Less difference in incomes. 0 High level of hierarchy 0 Superiors dont mix and socialise with staff. 0 Employees expect directives and rules. 0 Tendency to centralize decision and responsibilty. 0 Big difference in incomes.

Individuality Index (IDV) Cultures With High IDVCultures With Low IDV 0 Ties between individuals are loose. 0 Everyone is expected to lookafter themselves and their immediate family. 0 Emphasis on individual goals, which are more important than the group. 0 ‘I’ distinctive from other people. 0 Personal freedom is more important than equalty. 0 People from birth onwards are integrated in to strong, cohesive in-groups, which throughout people’s lifetime continue to protect them in exchange for unquestioning loyalty. 0 Great emphasis on groups, people think more interms of ‘we’.

Masculinity Index (MAS) Cultures With High MassCultures With Low Mass 0 Dominant Values; Performance and Success. 0 Career/Ambition 0 Performance 0 Work is very important in life 0 Analytical approach to problem-solving 0 Big and fast are beatiful. 0 Quality of life and care for others. 0 Quality of life. 0 Sensivity/Emphaty 0 Work is necessary to make a living 0 İntuitive approach to problem-solving 0 Small and slow are beatiful.

Uncertainty Avoidance Index (UAI) Cultures With High UAI (Cultures which avoid uncertainty) Cultures With Low UAI (Cultures which accept uncertainty) 0 Desire for detailed rules and their control, 0 Resistance against change/innovation, 0 People tend to worry about the future, 0 Higher demand for details in contracts. 0 Aversion to rules, 0 Open for new things and change, 0 Little worries about future, 0 Avoidance of too many rules and formalities.

Long Term Orientation (LTO) Cultures With High LTOCultures With Low LTO 0 Fostering of virtues oriented toword sustainable future rewards: 0 Perseverence, 0 Thrift, 0 Strong work ethic, 0 Willingness to subordinate oneself for a purpose, 0 Development is sometimes slow. 0 Fostering of virtues related to the past and present: 0 Efforts should produce quick results, 0 Change is welcome and may happen rapidly, 0 Respect for traditions, 0 Social and status obligations are important.

For United Kingdom; PDI:35, IDV:89, Mas:66, UAI:35, LTO:25

For Russia; PDI; 93, IDV;39, MAS;36, UAI;95, LTO;0

Power Distance Index This dimension deals with the fact that all individuals in societies are not equal – it expresses the attitude of the culture towards these inequalities amongst us. Power distance is defined as the extent to which the less powerful members of institutions and organisations within a country expect and accept that power is distributed unequally.

Individualism Versus Collectivism The fundamental issue addressed by this dimension is the degree of interdependence a society maintains among its members. It has to do with whether people’s self-image is defined in terms of ‘I’ or ‘We’.

Masculinity Versus Feminity A high score (masculine) on this dimension indicates that the society will be driven by competition, achievement and success, with success being defined by the winner/best in field. A low score (feminine) means that the dominant values in society are caring for others and quality of life.

Uncertainty Avoidance The extent to which the members of a culture feel threatened by ambiguous or unknown situations and have created beliefs and institutions that try to avoid these is reflected in the UAI score.

Long Term Versus Short Term Orientation The long term ortientation dimension is closely related to the teachings of confucius and can be interpreted as dealing with society’s search virtue, the extent to which a society shows a pragmatic future-oriented perspective rather than a conventional historical short-term point of view.

Comparison Between U.K. And Russia

Thanks for all of yours attention !!!