Feudalism : Japan and Europe

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What were the characteristics & causes of Japanese feudalism?

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Presentation transcript:

Feudalism : Japan and Europe

Feudalism Political system of local government based on the granting of land in return for loyalty, military assistance, and other services.

Japan--Europe Emperor King Shogun Lords Daimyo Daimyo Knights Samurai Samurai Samurai Samurai Daimyo =vassal lords or warrior chieftains

The emperor reigned, but did not always rule! Feudal Society

Medieval Warriors vs. European knight Samurai Warrior Some were women

Japanese Feudalism lasted over 600 years from the 12th to the 19th centuries. How long did European feudalism last? From the 6th to the 14th centuries.

Religion- Japan Buddhism Zen Buddhism no longer reserved for the scholars and monks Popular among ordinary people Zen Buddhism emphasized personal enlightenment through discipline and meditation Tea Ceremony Architectural influence Gardens used for meditation within temples

Religion- Europe Catholicism influences all aspects of life Focus on the afterlife not the harsh life in this world Great Cathedrals

Oda Nobunaga Daimyo Seized capital at Kyoto “Rule the Empire by force” 1534-1582 Daimyo Seized capital at Kyoto “Rule the Empire by force” Used firearms to gain victory Committed seppuku ‘ritual suicide’ when one of his generals turned on him

Hideyoshi 1590 brings most of Japan under his control Failed to conquer Korea and China

Tokugawa Ieyasu 1603 - becomes sole ruler or Shogun Moved capital to Edo Strong centralized government Tokugawa Shogunate ruled until 1867 Daimyo still governed at local level Required to spend every other year in order to keep them from rebelling Had to leave families behind in Edo

Tokugawa Rule Order restored centralized feudalism Farm production increased = population increase Majority of peasants heavily taxed Lives miserable Many left for the cities Merchant class and wealthy prospered Elevated status by lending money to samurai and shoguns Emperor figurehead Closed off trade Except Dutch and Chinese at Nagasaki harbor Shift from rural to urban society Increased employment opportunities for women

Flowering of Japanese culture Kabuki Theater Controlled daimyo Lords had to live at capital every other year Daimyo’s family remained in Edo permanently Could not repair their castles or marry without permission

1549 Christianity introduced by missionaries Shogun feared religious uprisings bans Christianity 1637 uprising by peasants Christianity eliminated Closed country policy adopted-1639 Nagasaki only port open Dutch and Chinese Japanese forbidden to leave

Similarities Use of horses and heavy armor Controlled peasant class Rituals and institutions Militaristic Chivalry/Bushido Castles Inhibited development of strong central government Rigid class distinctions Alliances of mutual protection between monarchs and nobles Land in exchange for loyalty and military aid

Differences Japan Western Europe Relied more on group or individual loyalty not contractual agreements Same throughout Japan Sword and bow and arrow Centralized under the Tokugawa Constant warfare followed by several centuries of peace Western Europe Emphasized feudal loyalty with negotiated contracts, in which the parties each gained advantages Took different forms in different areas of Europe Sword and lance Decentralized Constant warfare