DO NOW 1)What happens when two cars crash into each other? 2)What happens when you rub your hand against carpet? 3)What happens when you pull apart a Snicker’s candy bar? 4)What did you do yesterday to make sure you are reaching your goal? What are you going to do today?

Inappropriate Behaviors Talking/disruptive while teacher or student who has been called on is talking Calling out before being called on Head down/off-task/out of seat Disrespect-talking back when consequence is received or refusing to respond (e.g. Refuse to change seats) Unprepared for class (e.g. no pencil) Talking/disruptive while teacher or student who has been called on is talking Calling out before being called on Head down/off-task/out of seat Disrespect-talking back when consequence is received or refusing to respond (e.g. Refuse to change seats) Unprepared for class (e.g. no pencil) 2

Star Students Outstanding Behavior in Classroom Follow directions the first time Class leaders Outstanding Behavior in Classroom Follow directions the first time Class leaders 3

Exit Ticket 1.What is convection? 2.Where does convection take place in the earth? 3.What is the heat source for the convection? 4.How does convection relate to how the plates move? 5.How much do lithospheric plates move each year? 1.What is convection? 2.Where does convection take place in the earth? 3.What is the heat source for the convection? 4.How does convection relate to how the plates move? 5.How much do lithospheric plates move each year?

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As a class, we will follow the directions for each of the four Parts. After each part of the lab (4 Parts), there will be questions to answer. Answer the questions in complete sentences on your own sheet. Do not begin the next part of the lab until you have finished the questions for the previous part. PLATE BOUNDARIES LAB

PART 1 Method Convergent (Continental & Oceanic) 1. Remove one graham cracker. 2. Lay a graham cracker and the science textbook end to end (against each other). The graham cracker represents the thin but dense oceanic plate and the science textbook represents the thicker but less dense continental plate. Now you are ready to model a convergent plate boundary. 3. Slowly push the graham cracker and science textbook toward each other. Gently push the graham cracker under the textbook; you will have to lift the textbook in order to do this. This models what occurs on Earth’s surface as an oceanic plate is subducted under a continental plate. 4. Make observations and answer questions for Part Remove one graham cracker. 2. Lay a graham cracker and the science textbook end to end (against each other). The graham cracker represents the thin but dense oceanic plate and the science textbook represents the thicker but less dense continental plate. Now you are ready to model a convergent plate boundary. 3. Slowly push the graham cracker and science textbook toward each other. Gently push the graham cracker under the textbook; you will have to lift the textbook in order to do this. This models what occurs on Earth’s surface as an oceanic plate is subducted under a continental plate. 4. Make observations and answer questions for Part 1. 7

1)What type of plate does the textbook represent? 2)What type of plate does the graham cracker represent? 3)What happens when a piece of crust is subducted? Describe what you see 4)Where does this type of boundary activity take place on Earth? 5)What features are formed along the subduction zone (p 262)? ________________ and _______________ 6)Draw a picture to show what happened at this boundary. Label each type of plate. PART 1 Observations & Qs Convergent (Continental & Oceanic) PART 1 Observations & Qs Convergent (Continental & Oceanic)

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PART 2 Method Divergent (Oceanic & Oceanic) 1. Break a whole graham cracker in half following the perforations on the cracker. You should have two graham cracker squares. 2. Using a plastic knife/spoon, spread a thin (about the thickness of a playing card) layer of frosting on the center of the paper towel 3. Lay the two pieces of graham cracker on the frosting and gently pressing down push them together. Now you are ready to begin modeling a divergent plate boundary. 4. To imitate the result of diverging oceanic plates, press down lightly on the crackers as you slowly push them apart. Do not push the crackers more than one centimeter. 5. Make observations and answer questions for Part Break a whole graham cracker in half following the perforations on the cracker. You should have two graham cracker squares. 2. Using a plastic knife/spoon, spread a thin (about the thickness of a playing card) layer of frosting on the center of the paper towel 3. Lay the two pieces of graham cracker on the frosting and gently pressing down push them together. Now you are ready to begin modeling a divergent plate boundary. 4. To imitate the result of diverging oceanic plates, press down lightly on the crackers as you slowly push them apart. Do not push the crackers more than one centimeter. 5. Make observations and answer questions for Part 2. 10

7)What happens to the frosting between the graham crackers, how does it look? 8)What do each of the graham crackers represent? 9)What does the frosting represent? 10)Where does this type of plate boundary activity take place on Earth? 11)What type of feature is produced by this type of plate movement? 12)Draw a picture to show what happened at this boundary. Label each type of plate. PART 2 Observations & Qs Divergent (Oceanic & Oceanic) PART 2 Observations & Qs Divergent (Oceanic & Oceanic)

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PART 3 Method Convergent (Continental x2) Reuse the two graham cracker squares used in Part 1 and Part 2. Break the graham cracker into four rectangles following the perforations. Set aside two graham cracker pieces for Part 4. Using two graham cracker rectangles, dip one end of both graham crackers about 2 centimeters into a cup of water. Immediately remove the crackers and lay them end to end on the frosting with the wet edges nearly touching. Now you are ready to model a convergent plate boundary. Slowly push the two graham crackers together, modeling the convergence between two continental plates. The wet end of the graham crackers will curl and fold upwards as the graham crackers are pushed together. Make observations and answer questions for part 3. Reuse the two graham cracker squares used in Part 1 and Part 2. Break the graham cracker into four rectangles following the perforations. Set aside two graham cracker pieces for Part 4. Using two graham cracker rectangles, dip one end of both graham crackers about 2 centimeters into a cup of water. Immediately remove the crackers and lay them end to end on the frosting with the wet edges nearly touching. Now you are ready to model a convergent plate boundary. Slowly push the two graham crackers together, modeling the convergence between two continental plates. The wet end of the graham crackers will curl and fold upwards as the graham crackers are pushed together. Make observations and answer questions for part 3. 13

13)What does the graham cracker represent? 14)In what way are the wet graham crackers more like the real crustal plates than the dry graham crackers? 15)What feature is represented where curling and folding occurred at the ends of the wet graham cracker? 16)Where does this type of boundary activity take place on Earth? 17)Draw a picture to show what happened at this boundary. Label each type of plate. PART 3 Observations & Qs Convergent (Continental x2) PART 3 Observations & Qs Convergent (Continental x2)

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PART 4 Method Transform Fault Use the last two graham cracker pieces for this part of the lab. Fit the two pieces together end to end on top of the frosting on the paper towel. Now you are ready to model a transform plate boundary. Place one hand on each of the graham crackers and push them together by applying steady, moderate pressure. At the same time, also push one of the pieces away from you while pulling the other toward you. If you do this part correctly, the graham cracker should hold while you increase the push-pull pressure, but will finally break form the opposite forces. Make observations and answer questions for part 4. Use the last two graham cracker pieces for this part of the lab. Fit the two pieces together end to end on top of the frosting on the paper towel. Now you are ready to model a transform plate boundary. Place one hand on each of the graham crackers and push them together by applying steady, moderate pressure. At the same time, also push one of the pieces away from you while pulling the other toward you. If you do this part correctly, the graham cracker should hold while you increase the push-pull pressure, but will finally break form the opposite forces. Make observations and answer questions for part 4. 16

18)Why is this movement often described as “horizontal sliding?” 19)Where does this type of boundary activity take place on Earth? 20)What famous fault is associated with this type of movement? 21)As you modeled this type of fault, nothing happened at the beginning, but as the pressure increased, the graham crackers finally broke. How is this similar to the situation in California 22)Draw a picture to show what happened at this boundary. Label each type of plate. PART 4 Observations & Qs Transform Fault PART 4 Observations & Qs Transform Fault

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This is Ms. Goswick with her 3 sisters, Amy, Katie, and Gloria. PLATE BOUNDARIES Katie Gloria Amy

After high school, Ms. Goswick moved away to Denver, CO for college. Ms. Goswick diverged from her 3 sisters. DIVERGENT BOUNDARY

After college, Ms. Goswick and her sister Amy moved to North Carolina. Ms. Goswick and Amy converged. CONVERGENT BOUNDARY

Ms. Goswick and Tyler are always bumping into one another. This causes earth quakes. TRANSFORM FAULT BOUNDARY Tyler

WHAT TYPE OF BOUNDARY?

What type of plate is the arrow below pointing to? WHAT TYPE OF BOUNDARY?

The picture below shows the San Andreas fault in California. Many earthquakes occur here. What type of fault is this? WHAT TYPE OF BOUNDARY?

WHAT TYPE OF BOUNDARY?

WHAT TYPE OF BOUNDARY? What type of landform is created by the boundary below?

WHAT TYPE OF BOUNDARY? What is indicated by the arrow below?

WHAT TYPE OF BOUNDARY?

What type of boundary leads to the destruction of lithosphere? WHAT TYPE OF BOUNDARY?

What type of boundary leads to the formation of lithosphere? WHAT TYPE OF BOUNDARY?

What type of boundary neither forms or destroys the lithosphere? WHAT TYPE OF BOUNDARY?

What type of plate is the arrow below pointing to? WHAT TYPE OF BOUNDARY?

Which layer of the earth is the smiley face on? WHAT TYPE OF BOUNDARY?

What process inside the earth is shown in the picture below? WHAT TYPE OF BOUNDARY?

What type of boundary formed the mountains in the picture below? What type of plates form this boundary? WHAT TYPE OF BOUNDARY?

What type of boundary is shown in the picture below? WHAT TYPE OF BOUNDARY?

What type of boundary formed the mountains in the picture below? WHAT TYPE OF BOUNDARY?

Which type of boundary is the arrow pointing to? WHAT TYPE OF BOUNDARY?

What do scientists call the area that is circled below? WHAT TYPE OF BOUNDARY?

PLATE TECTONICS for Earth Scientists

PLATE TECTONICS NAME OF BOUNDARY DEFINE o Describe what happens here in at least two sentences CHARACTERISTICS o Is lithosphere created, destroyed, or neither? Explain your answer. EXAMPLES o What is a real life example? Label major features: subduction zone, trench, lithosphere, asthenosphere CONVERGENT: p DIVERGENT: p TRANSFORM FAULT: p264

PLATE BOUNDARIES BOOK 1)CONVERGENT: p )DIVERGENT: p )TRANSFORM FAULT: p 264 1)CONVERGENT: p )DIVERGENT: p )TRANSFORM FAULT: p First & Last Name Color Block Date

PLATE TECTONICS REAL LIFE EXAMPLES ConvergentDivergent Transform

Himalayan Mountains At the border of India and Asia. Tallest mountain range in the world and includes Mount Everest.

Himalayan Mountains

East African Rift Valley Located in East Africa. Runs for thousands of miles. Has created great lakes and the largest waterfall in the world. This is the beginning of the breakup of a continent. As the rifting continues, it will lengthen and deepen and eventually will split the continent and in two.

East African Rift Valley

San Andres Fault The San Andreas Fault is a continental transform boundary that runs a length of roughly 810 miles through California It forms the tectonic boundary between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate. It is the most studied fault on the planet.

San Andres Fault

1.What type of boundary occurs where two plates crush into one another? a.Tectonic plate boundary b.Divergent boundary c.Convergent boundary d.Transform fault boundary 2) Ryan is visiting the mountains in Colorado. What type of tectonic plate boundary is Ryan near? a.Tectonic plate boundary b.Divergent boundary c.Convergent boundary d.Transform fault boundary 3) What happens at a divergent boundary? a.The two plates move towards each other. b.The two plates move away from each other. c.One plate is forced underneath the other plate d.The two plates grind past one another Exit Ticket

4) Which type of plate boundary destroys lithosphere? a.Tectonic plate boundary b.Divergent boundary c.Convergent boundary d.Transform fault boundary 5) What was the main question that the theory of plate tectonics answered? a.How the earth rotates on its axis b.How new rocks are formed c.How the weather happens d.How were the continents able to move from Pangaea to their present location Exit Ticket