Volcano Notes Chapter 18.

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Presentation transcript:

Volcano Notes Chapter 18

Vocabulary Hot Spot-Hot region of Earth’s mantle where-high temperature mantle material rise towards the surface. Hawaii Caldera- a large depression at the top of the volcano. Pyroclastic Flow- gas, extreme heat and fragments that erupt from a volcano. Fast moving and deadly!!

Vocabulary AA- Jagged and sharp cooled lava from Hawaiian shield volcanoes. Pahoehoe- Lava that forms a ropy texture when cooled. Also, from a Hawaiian shield volcano. Tephra- Rock fragments thrown up into the air during an eruption.

Vocabulary Fissure-long crack is Lahar- A landslide or mudflow of volcanic fragments on the flanks of a volcano

Composite/Stratovolcano Magma Type- Felsic Shape- Alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic flows. Steep Eruption Type- Explosive Examples- Mt. Pinatubo , Mt. Vesuvius, Tambora, Krakatoa, and Mt. St. Helens.

Mt. Vesuvius Mt. St. Helens Pinatubo

Shield Volcanoes Magma Type- Mafic Shape- Broad based with gentle slopes Eruption Type- Quiet/Calm Examples- Kilauea and Mauna Loa

Mauna Loa Kilauea

Cinder Cone Volcano Magma Type- Felsic Shape- Steep Slopes Eruption Type- Explosive Examples- Paricutin

Supervolcanoes Magma Type- Felsic Shape- Caldera- typically underground Eruption Type- Very explosive Examples- Yellowstone and Toba

Yellowstone Toba