Overview Run-6 - RHIC Vadim Ptitsyn C-AD, BNL

V.Ptitsyn RHIC Spin Workshop 2006 RHIC Run-6 Timeline  1 Feb – Start of the Run-6. Start of the cooldown to liquid He temperatures.  12 Feb - End of cooldown and PS tests  5 Mar – Start of the 100 GeV Physics Run. Participating experiments: STAR and PHENIX. PHENIX – radial pol ; STAR – long pol  6 Apr – PHENIX – radial pol ; STAR – vertical pol  14 April –21 April – unscheduled shutdown (investigation of electric accident)  26 Apr – PHENIX – longitudal pol; STAR – vertical pol  10 May – PHENIX – longitudal pol; STAR – longitudinal pol  5 Jun – End of 100 GeV run. (12 weeks total )  5 Jun-6 Jun, 11 GeV accelerator development  6 Jun – Start of 31.2 GeV Physics Run. Participating experiments: STAR, PHENIX and BRAHMS PHENIX – longitudal pol; STAR and BRAHMS– vertical pol  20 Jun - End of 31.2 GeV Run. (Two weeks total)  20 Jun – 26 Jun. 250 GeV accelerator development  26 Jun - 30 Jun warm-up to liquid N temperatures.  30 Jun - End of Run-6. (21.2 weeks of cryo operation)

V.Ptitsyn RHIC Spin Workshop 2006 Physics run lattices IP6IP8IP10IP12IP2IP4 Injection10 Store, 100 GeV1110 Store, 31.2 GeV Lattice modifications : - minimized excursion of dispersion function in IR6 and IR8 in the store at 100GeV - decreased gamma_t lattice at the injection Working points: ( ) box at the injection; ( ) box at the store Tune swing done: 100GeV: at the very end of the acceleration, but before final beta-squeeze part of the ramp 31.2GeV: right before the last stone of the ramp Beta* configuration (in meters):

V.Ptitsyn RHIC Spin Workshop 2006 Polarized protons performance at 100 GeV (last three runs) ParameterUnit No. of bunches bunch intensity ** m1 1 1 emittancemm mrad peak luminosity10 30 cm -2 s average luminosity10 30 cm -2 s collision points--432 time in store% average polarization, store % % Luminosity gain in run-6: 2.2 X 1.5 = 3.3 Increased bunch intensityImproved emittance control AGS cold snake: polarization Reduced number of collision points

V.Ptitsyn RHIC Spin Workshop 2006 Integrated luminosity; 100 GeV run one week shutdown

V.Ptitsyn RHIC Spin Workshop 2006 Average integrated luminosity per store hour and Time in store 8 weeks luminosity improvement period Considerable amount of down time in the middle and at the end of the run Luminosity slides at the end of the run due to longer stores

V.Ptitsyn RHIC Spin Workshop 2006 Golden store #7909 of 100 GeV run Luminosity

V.Ptitsyn RHIC Spin Workshop 2006 Run-5 Average Pol 49% 45% Polarization during 100 GeV run

V.Ptitsyn RHIC Spin Workshop GeV run: Luminosities and transverse emittances Improved transverse emittance control was important item at this run During the run the improvements to achieve smaller transverse emittance were done both in the injectors and in the RHIC: Transverse scraping in Booster Strict control of emittance from AGS (golden values) appropriate choice of working point (to avoid coherent beam-beam) keeping bunch length long enough W.Fischer

V.Ptitsyn RHIC Spin Workshop 2006 Transverse emittance Run-5 emittance troubles:  Larger emittance with larger number of bunches  Larger emittance from AGS on several fills In Run-6 those problems were avoided Helped by vaccuum system improvements:  additional NEG pipe coating (180m) added between the runs  upgrade in cold region vaccuum S.Y.Zhang

V.Ptitsyn RHIC Spin Workshop 2006 Integrated luminosity; 31.2 GeV run

V.Ptitsyn RHIC Spin Workshop 2006 Major operation achievements Successful application of tune/decoupling feedback for the initial ramp development. Fast collimation. Regular orbit correction at the beginning of the store (before the cogging) to provide the store reproducibility against 24h orbit variation. IR nonlinear corrections: used not only at the store but also on the ramp (after the beta-squeeze). 2/3 resonance correction Successful demonstration of “quad pumping” technique to provide better AGS-to-RHIC longitudinal emittance matching. Unfortunately, could not be effectively used because of the transverse emittance deterioration. Developed Beam Transfer Function measurement diagnostic. Rotator reconfiguration (done 5 times during the run). Takes 8h stores.

V.Ptitsyn RHIC Spin Workshop 2006 Factors limiting machine performance Store lifetime: Q x =2/3 resonance beam-beam effects large momentum spread Factors affecting transverse emittance: small longitudinal emittance and higher beam intensity (enhanced electron cloud effect) emittance increase on the ramp (?) Deterioration of ramp transmission with the beam intensity Beam oscillations with parasitic frequencies 10Hz, 60Hz, … (coming from cryo and power supply systems)

V.Ptitsyn RHIC Spin Workshop 2006 Further plans Christoph Montag is the Run coordinator for next polarized proton run. Goal: doubling the luminosity, by bunch intensity increase and increased time in store

V.Ptitsyn RHIC Spin Workshop 2006 Luminosity improvement factors for next run Luminosity improvement factors for next run  Nonlinear chromaticity correction  10Hz IR orbit feedback  2/3 resonance compensation  New working point test, ~(0.92;0.93)  Additional NEG pipes (~45m)  Reliability of various machine systems is seriously addressed in this shutdown.  In more remote plans the application of new 9.3Mhz RF cavity system is considered (M.Brennan). This should allow for smaller longitudinal emittance and smaller bunch length in the store, but long enough bunch length at the injection.

V.Ptitsyn RHIC Spin Workshop 2006 Conclusions  On accelerator part we believe the run was quite successful.  Good side: Luminosity goals are achieved. Improved machine parameters (beam intensities, emittances, polarization).  Bad side: Machine reliability problems. Goal for the time in store was not achieved.  Continue go forward. For next run:  Further luminosity improvements (by factor 2).  Improved machine reliability