Challenge Problem 1. From the article Tues, describe the disease FOP. 2. Write down 2 things you know about muscles. 3. How can you look like this guy? 4. T/F- you want to look like him or date him 5. Why, why not?

Muscles: An Overview Ch. 6a

The Muscular System Slide 6.1 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Muscles are responsible for all types of body movement  Three basic muscle types are found in the body  Skeletal muscle  Cardiac muscle  Smooth muscle

Characteristics of Muscles Slide 6.2 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Muscle cells are elongated (muscle cell = muscle fiber)  Contraction of muscles is due to the movement of microfilaments  All muscles share some terminology  Prefix myo refers to muscle  Prefix mys refers to muscle  Prefix sarco refers to flesh

Quick Quiz 1 of 3 What is another name for a muscle cell?

Function of Muscles Slide 6.8 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Produce movement  Maintain posture  Stabilize joints  Generate heat

Quick Quiz 2 of 3 Name the four functions of muscles What other body systems does the muscular system work with in order to maintain homeostasis? Explain your answer.

Three Basic Muscle Types Smooth Muscle –Makes hollow organs move Ex: stomach –Involuntary –Single nucleus per cell –Smooth appearance

Smooth Muscle Characteristics Slide 6.6 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Has no striations  Spindle-shaped cells  Single nucleus  Involuntary – no conscious control  Found mainly in the walls of hollow organs Figure 6.2a

Person wearing red Tell your table 2 things about smooth muscle

Three Basic Muscle Types Cardiac Muscle –Makes heart beat –Involuntary –Single nucleus per cell –Striated with intercalated disks

Cardiac Muscle Characteristics Slide 6.7 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Has striations  Usually has a single nucleus  Joined to another muscle cell at an intercalated disc  Involuntary  Found only in the heart Figure 6.2b

Tallest person Tell your table 2 things about cardiac muscle

Three Basic Muscle Types Skeletal Muscle –Moves bones –Voluntary Movement –Striated –Multinucleated

Skeletal Muscle Characteristics Slide 6.3 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Most are attached by tendons to bones  Cells are multinucleate  Striated – have visible banding  Voluntary – subject to conscious control  Cells are surrounded and bundled by connective tissue

Curliest-haired person Tell your table 2 things about skeletal muscle

Connective Tissue Wrappings of Skeletal Muscle Slide 6.4a  Endomysium  around single muscle fiber  Perimysium  around a fascicle (bundle) of fibers Figure 6.1

Connective Tissue Wrappings of Skeletal Muscle Slide 6.4b  Epimysium  covers the entire skeletal muscle  Fascia  on the outside of the epimysium Figure 6.1

Skeletal Muscle Attachments Slide 6.5 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Epimysium blends into a connective tissue attachment  Tendon – cord-like structure  Aponeuroses – sheet-like structure  Sites of muscle attachment  Bones  Cartilages  Connective tissue coverings

Quick Quiz 3 of 3 What type of muscle can be found in the heart? Where can one find smooth muscle? What is the function of Skeletal Muscle?

Building a Muscle 1. Each gets several pasta pieces, straw and wrap 2. Each person cut a skinny piece of wrap 3cm 3. For each table, cut a square piece of wrap 4. Stuff pasta into straw- muscle fiber 5. Wrap straw with plastic wrap- endomysium 6. Bundle straws together 7. Wrap in plastic wrap- fascicle in perimysium 8. Get all together 9. Wrap to make muscle and tendon