Lecturer: Miss Moore Student: Jhon - Pierre Maxwell

WHAT IS SOIL STRUCTURE:  It is the aggregation of individual particles that gives the soil its structure. In undistributed soils, these aggregates form different shapes known as peds. It is the shape and alignment of the peds, which, combined with particle size/texture, determine the size and number of pore spaces through which water, air, roots and soil organisms can pass.

There are four major grades of structure rated from 0 to 3 as follows:  0 is structure less: has no observable aggregation or no definite orderly arrangement of natural lines of weakness.  1 is weak structure: is poorly formed from indistinct aggregation that can barely be observable in place.  2 is moderate structure: is well formed from distinct aggregates that are moderately durable and evident but not distinct in undistributed soil.  3 is strong structure: is well formed from distinct aggregates that are durable and quite evident in undisturbed soil.

 Single Grained  Granular  Platy  Blocky  Prismatic  Columnar

Structure less Two Ped Structure Distinctive Ped Horizon

 Granular: Fairly productive; well aerated and drained – good for roots  Platy: The least productive; hinders water and air movement; restricts roots.  Blocky: Productive: usually well drained and aerated.  Prismatic: Usually quite productive: formed by wetting and drying; adequate water movement and root development  Columnar: Quite productive (if water available)