Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865 Air Force High Speed Science and Technology Plan AIAA New Horizons Forum 7 Jan 11 Dr. Steven Walker SAF/AQR Deputy Assistant Secretary (Science, Technology, & Engineering) Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865

Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865 Overview Current program status High Speed Weapon roadmap High Speed Aircraft roadmap Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865

Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865 X-51A Program Objective Flight test the AF Hypersonic Technology (HyTech) scramjet engine, using endothermic hydrocarbon fuel, by accelerating a vehicle from boost (~M=4.5) to Mach 6+ Acquire ground and flight data on an actively cooled, self-controlled operating scramjet engine (rules and tools development) Demonstrate viability of an endothermically fueled scramjet in flight Prove viability of a free-flying, scramjet powered, vehicle (Thrust > Drag) Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865

Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865 X-51A First Flight 26 May 10 Sequence of events: Release at 49,500 ft, Mach 0.78 (nominal) Clean release from B-52 Successful booster ignition after 4.04 sec Boost to 58,200 ft, Mach 4.85 Booster separation (nominal) Engine ignition at 61,300 ft, Mach 4.74 Successful scramjet light on ethylene Successful transition to full JP-7 operation Climb and acceleration (~0.15g) to 62,300 ft, Mach 4.88 (uncorrected) Engine performance nominal Fuel system control & cooling as expected Vehicle bank and sideslip observed Engine bay elevated temperatures Loss of telemetry at 210 seconds Vehicle still accelerating Flight terminated as planned 5 seconds after loss of telemetry Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865

X-51A Flight Significance X-51A first flight culminated a 7-year program to demonstrate viability of fuel-cooled scramjet engines Significant accomplishment for science and military 143 sec of continuous scramjet operation time in flight 11X previous record of 13 seconds 4X total scramjet operation time of ~35 seconds from all previous flights in the world Definitively demonstrated airbreathing hypersonic vehicle acceleration (Thrust > Drag) Demonstrated flight-weight hardware using fuel cooling to maintain thermal balance Demonstrated practical scramjet operation using storable jet fuel vs. cryogenic hydrogen Collected valuable clean-air data for “rules and tools” development Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865

Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865 Overview Current program status High Speed Weapon roadmap High Speed Aircraft roadmap Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865

Survivable, High Speed Weapon Enabling Capabilities Hypersonic Air Vehicle and Propulsion Technologies Enable Long Range at High Speed with Effective Payload Aircraft Systems Internal bombers External fighters Precision Strike Variable Warhead Effects Net Enabled In-Flight Targetable Long Range High Speed Rapid, Responsive Strike in Anti-Access/Access Denied (A2/AD) Environments Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865

High Speed Weapon Roadmap Fiscal Year FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17 FY18 FY19 FY20 TOTAL Warhead Integration Demo Tasks Platform integration X-51A+ (scramjet) Warhead integration Terminal Guidance 5 Configuration and Trade Study 5 Technology Readiness Level Transition Point (TAD) Tactical Propulsion 5 Advanced Guidance for Surface Targets 5 Strike up to 100s of miles High Speed Weapon Demo 6 TECHNOLOGY GAPS High Speed Multimode Seekers Anti Jam GPS Alternative high speed guidance (GPS denied environment) Compact energetic booster Aeroconfiguration, structures and materials, control surfaces, TPS Compatibility with current and emerging fighters and bombers Compatibility with Navy/VLS Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865

Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865 High Speed Weapon FY16 Demonstration Flight Test - Option A Mach 4+ cruise X-51 Airframe and flow path Alternate fuel Hit a fixed target down range at unpowered terminal speed 4 flight tests (6 Test articles) Validate the cold start Max range Target attack Tactical ingress and attack Inert warhead Seeker window Sensors/Materials investment Weapon Data Link In-flight target updates Pros Limited capability Lowest cost Cons Limited aircraft compatibility Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865

Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865 High Speed Weapon FY16 Demonstration Flight Test - Option B Mach 4+ cruise X-51 Airframe Tactically compliant launch envelope (Alt & Mach) Alternate fuel Tactical optimized flow path * Hit a fixed target down range at unpowered terminal speed 4 flight tests (6 Test articles) Validate the flow path/cold start Max range Target attack Tactical ingress and attack Inert warhead Seeker window Sensors/Materials investment Weapon Data Link In-flight target updates Pros Cruiser/flow path Tactically compliant Possible Quick Reaction Capability Cons Moderate cost Limited aircraft compatibility * Leverage Program Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865

Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865 High Speed Weapon FY16 Demonstration Flight Test - Option C Mach 4+ cruise Tactically compliant launch envelope (Alt & Mach) Alternate fuel New airframe mold line Tactically sized booster * Tactical optimized flow path * Hit a fixed target down range at unpowered terminal speed 4 flight tests (6 Test articles) Validate the flow path/cold start Max range Target attack Tactical ingress and attack Inert warhead Seeker window Sensors/Materials investment Weapon Data Link In-flight target updates Pros Tactically compliant weapons system Cons Highest cost * Leverage Program Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865

Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865 Overview Current program status High Speed Weapon roadmap High Speed Aircraft roadmap Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865

High Speed Aircraft Capabilities and Attributes Operation in A2/AD Environments Penetrate Denied Areas (Survivable) Large ground coverage area High utility in space-denied areas Turbine Based Combined Cycle Mach 4+ Cruise Runway Takeoff and Landing Reusable, Long-Life Airframe On-Demand Flight in A2/AD Environments Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865

High Speed Aircraft 2021 Demonstrator Objectives Gas Turbine-to-Dual Mode Ramjet Transition Mach 4+ Cruise for 10-15 minutes Mach 0-4+ Acceleration Limited Life at Higher Mach Cruise Aircraft Operation Takeoff, Landing, Control Maneuvering (Level Turn) Subscale Airframe, Half or Full-Scale Flowpath Testbed Secondary Objectives (2022-’23) CMC Structures Advanced Power/Thermal Management Sensors Affordability Trades and Initiatives Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865

High Speed Aircraft Roadmap FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17 FY18 FY19 FY20 FY21 FY22 FY23 HTV-3X 4 Advanced Power Gen Power Gen Development 4 System Testing 5 Flight Design Power Development/Test 5 Technology Readiness Level Transition Point (TAD) CMC Structures Low Cost/Light Wt Hi Speed Structures 5 FRV Structural Concept Assess Flt Structure Component / Subsystem Development FaCET 4 MoTr “TBCC Integration” 5 Prior Robust Scramjet Robust Scramjet Enabling Technologies for Operational Vehicle Mission Analysis, Requirements, Vision Vehicle and FRV Concept Design TBCC Flight Research Vehicle Development and Integration Flight Test Flying Test Bed Evaluations 6 Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865

Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865 Overview Current program status High Speed Weapon roadmap High Speed Aircraft roadmap Distribution A: Cleared for Public Release, SAF/PA 2010-0865