Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers Linking Together to Improve Oral Health through Tobacco Cessation Gayle Laszewski, MA Center for Tobacco Research & Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers Learning Objectives Recognize the effect of tobacco use on oral health Identify barriers to dental providers in addressing tobacco use How to assist dental providers in overcoming barriers to helping patients quit tobacco

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers The UW Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention (UW-CTRI) A nationally-recognized research center specializing in understanding & treating tobacco dependence –Research Center - focus on relapse prevention –Smoking Cessation Clinic –Education & Outreach - translating research into practice –Wisconsin Tobacco Quit Line

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers Mission of Collaborative Effort: To Promote Tobacco Cessation Education and Intervention in the Dental Setting Collaborators: Wisconsin Dental Association UW-Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention Madison Public Health Dental Services Department

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers First Steps of Collaborative Effort Summarized Research On... Tobacco use and oral health Effectiveness of dental settings for cessation interventions Barriers to addressing tobacco use with dental patients Initiated Efforts to Overcome Identified Barriers

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers Tobacco & Oral Health Facts The leading cause of oral cancer is tobacco use. Tobacco use is a known risk factor for tooth loss. Smokers lose more teeth than non-smokers at a younger age. Smoking is now recognized as a major risk factor for periodontitis and may be responsible for more than half of peridontitis cases among adults in the U.S. More than 75% of American adults over age 35 have some form of periodontal disease.

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers Tobacco & Oral Health Facts Teenage smokers are nearly 3 times as likely as their non-smoking peers to have gum disease in their mid- 20’s. Recent studies now link periodontal diseases to major health issues such as diabetes, heart disease, pneumonia, stroke and pre-term labor resulting in low birth weight babies. Young children who are exposed to secondhand smoke have a much higher rate of tooth decay than children who do not grow up around smokers.

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers Why Dental Providers Should Treat Tobacco Use Dental providers are in a unique position to SHOW patients visible effects of tobacco use. Dental providers can be AS effective or in some studies MORE effective than physicians in helping smokers quit.

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers Why Dental Providers Should Treat Tobacco Use More than 50% of smokers make an annual visit to the dentist. Dentists/hygienists are more likely to see adults for routine care on annual basis (especially males). –General Dental Office: 2 times/year –Periodontal Office: 3-4 times/year Patients have increased success rates in tobacco cessation with dentist/hygienist interventions.

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers Why Dental Providers Should Treat Tobacco Use 65-72% of smokers are interested in help from their dental hygienist or dentist. 75% of dental patients indicate a willingness to hear tobacco cessation advice from their dental provider.

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers ADA Recognizes the Importance of Addressing Tobacco Use Dental code already exists (D1320) “tobacco counseling for the control and provision of oral disease” However, code is not being reimbursed by health insurers. Other organizations which encourage cessation interventions by dental teams: –Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality –Centers of Disease Control and Prevention –Public Health Service

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers Identified Barriers for Cessation Counseling in Dental Settings 90% Dental providers cite not knowing how to provide an effective cessation intervention. Barriers: Lack of Training Lack of knowledge regarding cessation resources Lack of Time Lack of Reimbursement

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers Educate Providers Regarding Effective Evidence Based Cessation Interventions Effective clinical interventions exist: The Public Health Service Clinical Practice Guideline: Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence was published in June, 2000 and offers effective treatments for tobacco dependence. Creation of Tobacco and Oral Health Fact Sheet

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers Components of an Effective Cessation Intervention Counseling and Support/Resources Cessation medications System changes within clinic setting to address tobacco use Counseling & cessation medications can double if not triple success rates in quitting. Clinic procedures which identify tobacco users increase the likelihood of provider interventions.

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers The 5 A’s ASK about tobacco use. ADVISE to quit. ASSESS willingness to make a quit attempt. ASSIST in quit attempt. ARRANGE for follow-up.

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers Educate Providers Regarding Effectiveness of Brief Interventions “Minimal interventions lasting less than 3 minutes increase overall tobacco abstinence rates.” The PHS Guideline (Strength of Evidence = A)

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers Brief Interventions Brief tobacco dependence treatment is effective –Clinically effective –Cost effective Should be offered to all patients at every visit

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers Educate Providers Regarding Cessation Resources Free Telephone Cessation Counseling for Wisconsin Residents

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers Educate Providers Regarding Cost Effectiveness and Benefits of Cessation Interventions Cost of Cessation vs. Cost of Treatment for periodontal disease –Cost Benefit Cessation Counseling Reimbursement Handout Smoking: –Reduces the success of both non-surgical and surgical periodontal therapy –Reduces success of oral implants –Delays healing of oral surgery sites

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers Next Steps Focus on #1 Barrier: Lack of Training Standardized Evidence-Based Cessation Intervention Guideline for Dental Settings –USPHS Guideline referenced in dental journals –Accreditation thru ADA? –Current national efforts to standardize a guideline for dental settings Integration of Cessation Interventions into Oral Health Curriculum –UW Medical School CME/CEU –Several dental schools have included cessation in their curriculum (ie. Harvard)

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers Next Steps A Secondary Barrier - Lack of reimbursement Utilization of ADA code for cessation counseling (D1320) regardless of reimbursement--to familiarize insurance companies with this practice

Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention University of Wisconsin Medical School Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers Resources Local Dental Societies –Bring dental providers together –Support your efforts UW-CTRI Website: USPHS Guideline Materials: general.gov/tobacco Cessation Activities for Dental Settings: