Database Design Presenters: Nicolas Lee Tam Nguyen

Database Design - Option Student will learn about: Student will learn to: ▫explain the purpose of a database ▫describe the relationships between a database, file, record, field, and character. ▫create an effective design for database form ▫construct query searches and sorts on given data ▫input data via import function

Let’s do a quick survey.... About Music Your favourite artist..... What type of music Genre Name some of their songs Country of birth.....

Design Process PlanningDesigningEvaluating Collecting of raw data. Favourite Music : Artist Name DOB Genre Song Name

What is a database? Data – are raw facts. Database is way of organising and storing collection of similar facts. Give some examples of databases Non-ComputerisedComputerised

Advantages Power Loss Ethics Easily edited Search and Retrieved quickly Flexibility Accessibility Backup Disadvantages

Social Issues How database changes the workplace? ▫Shopping ▫Online personal profiles eg: Linkedin ▫Tax office, government, and banks. ▫Google and social networking databases.... ▫Voting system. ▫

Ethical Issues Privacy & Security ▫When collecting any personal data - company must published a “privacy policy” to explain how they will use the data. Inappropriate use of data ▫Computer operators, programmers, and other personnel are in positions where they could easily misuse data, if they choose to act unethically. This is known as hacking. ▫Employee always sign a “Code of conduct”

Security Issues User name and password security - to protect from unauthorised users. Design backup procedure - such as making regular backup and store them is secure location. Protected from viruses and worms. By having the latest virus and update patches. Physical security – Lockup server room

Past, current and emerging 1950s– Flat File data 1960s – Hierarchical data structure (Directory structure) 1970s – Relational DBMS (Berkley UC, and IBM DB2) (Ted Codd from IBM) 1980s – Object DBMS 1990s and now– Relational and object DBMS

Logical Structure – Flat file

Relational Database

Database Management Systems(DBMS) Allows you to: ▫Organise data - by applying rules for the set of data (data dictionary for validations) ▫Add, update, and delete records (form) ▫Locate, sort & manipulate data (SQL – query) ▫Display data (report) ▫Control security and data integrity (management).

Data Handling ▫Data dictionary – Rules of database  Name of fields  Type of data  How many character  Special features ▫Data types  Text, Memo  Number, Yes/No,  Checkbox,  Date, Currency,  Link, Images, and objects

Special Fields – Relational DB Primary Key - Uniquely identifies the contents of a particular table. Most table have a primary key. Foreign Key - A special identifier, that allows relationship to form between two tables.

Design Process PlanningDesigningEvaluating Collecting of raw data. Favourite Music : Artist Name DOB Genre Song Name Data Dictionary Null? ArtistID number no ArtistName text no DOB dateyes Genre listno Pop Jazz Classical SongID number no SongName textno Lyrics memoyes

Database inputs - GIGO Data sources ▫acknowledge data sources Validation checks ▫check against data dictionary Verification checks ▫typo and incorrect value – manual validation.

Database Output List/TableQueryFormReport List/Table Report Form Query

Design Process PlanningDesigningEvaluating Collecting of raw data. Favourite Music : Artist Name DOB Genre Song Name Data Dictionary ArtistID number ArtistName text DOB date Genre list Pop Jazz Classical SongID number SongName text Lyrics memo Query Form Report

Structured Query Language (SQL) List all artists and songs with a pop genre. SELECT [Artist].[ArtistName], [Songs].SongName, [Song].Lyrics FROM [Songs],[Artist] WHERE ((([Genre].GenreName)=“pop")); Order by ArtistName

DBMS Software Common desktop databases: ▫MS Access (only for PCs) ▫File Maker Pro (both Macs & PCs) ▫MySQL ▫Oracle Online databases ▫Zoho DB -

Homework Database Online Quiz

Activity – Fighting Crimes Using queries to solve crimes with MS Access Please go to: Click on >> Database activity

References Betts, G. (2007). DBMS (Database Management Systems) Retrieved 10 May 2011, from Clark, A. (2010). Database software, from Jones, D. (2002). Teach-ICT Retrieved 27/04/2011, 2011, from ict.com/as_a2/topics/databases/databases.htmhttp:// ict.com/as_a2/topics/databases/databases.htm Ware, P. (2005). IST: Information and software technology Milton, QLD: John Willey. Zoho. (2011). Zoho Report Retrieved 5 May 2011, 2011, from Zoho. (2011). Zoho Challenge Retrieved 10 May 2011, 2011, from Learning from Databases: Using Existing Online Databases -